>>> HELLO, EVERYONE.

WELCOME TO AMANPOUR AND COMPANY.

HERE'S WHAT'S COMING UP.

>>> AS TRUMP TRADE WAR, I'M JOINED BY SENATOR CHRIS MURPHY.

>>> ISRAEL SAID IT WILL ANNEX LARGE PORTIONS OF GAZA AS THE WAR EXPANDS.

THE HUMAN TOLL WITH HUMANITARIANS HAVE SEEN IT UP CLOSE.

>>> ALSO, IS THE WHITE HOUSE TRYING TO REWRITE HISTORY AT THIS MEANT SONY IN?

IS SMITHSONIAN?

MICHELLE MARTIN TALKS ABOUT EFFORTS TO OVERHAUL AMERICA'S MOST FAVORITE -- FAMOUS MUSEUM.

HAS MADE POSSIBLE IN PART BY THE ANDERSON FAMILY ENDOWMENT, JIM ATTWOOD AND LESLIE WILLIAMS, CANDACE KING WEIR, THE SYLVIA A.

AND SIMON B. POYTA PROGRAMMING ENDOWMENT TO FIGHT ANTISEMITISM, THE FAMILY FOUNDATION OF AMANPOUR, MARK J. BLECHNER, THE FILOMEN M. D'AGOSTINO FOUNDATION,, CHARLES ROSENBLUM, BARBARA HOPE ZUCKERBERG, JEFFREY KATZ AND BETH ROGERS, AND BY CONTRIBUTIONS TO YOUR PBS STATION FROM VIEWERS LIKE YOU.

>>> WELCOME TO THE PROGRAM, EVERYONE.

AND CHRISTIANE AMANPOUR IN LONDON.

PRESIDENT TRUMP HAS DECLARED GLOBAL ECONOMIC WARFARE WITH EXTENSIVE NEW TARIFFS ACROSS THE WORLD.

LEADERS BRACING FOR IMPACT, MAKING IT VERY CLEAR THEY WILL NOT TAKE THIS LINE DOWN.

>> I WILL REJECT ALL ATTEMPTS TO WEAKEN CANADA.

ALL ATTEMPTS TO WEAR US DOWN, TO BREAK US DOWN SO THAT AMERICA CAN ON US.

>> WE WILL APPROACH THIS NEGOTIATION FROM A POSITION OF STRENGTH.

EUROPE HOLDS A LOT OF COMMENTS.

FROM TRADE TO TECHNOLOGY TO THE SIZE OF OUR MARKET.

THIS STRENGTH IS ALSO BUILT ON OUR READINESS TO TAKE FIRM COUNTERMEASURES IF NECESSARY.

ALL INSTRUMENTS ARE ON THE TABLE.

>> IN ADDITION, THE CHINESE FOREIGN MINISTER SAID AGING WELL, QUOTE, COUNTERATTACK IF THE U.S. CONTINUES TO ENGAGE IN, QUOTE, BLACKMAIL.

WELL IT IS TARIFF DAY FOR TRUNK -- TRUMPET MAYBE RESURRECTION DAY FOR DEMOCRATS.

A 25 HOUR SPEECH BY SENATOR CORY BOOKER AND A CONVINCING WIN IN A SUPREME COURT ELECTION PROVING THERE IS A LIMIT TO WHAT ELON MUSK CAN BUY.

WITH ME IS DEMOCRATIC SENATOR CHRIS MURPHY WHO WAS IN THE CHAMBER FOR THE ENTIRE SPEECH AND ASKED THE FINAL QUESTION.

I SPOKE TO HIM JUST HOURS BEFORE THE NEW TARIFFS WERE ANNOUNCED.

SENATOR MURPHY, WELCOME TO THE PROGRAM.

>> THANK YOU FOR HAVING ME.

EVERYBODY IS PLACING.

THAT IS ALL YOU CAN HEAR OR READ ABOUT IN EUROPE.

WHAT IS GOING TO HAPPEN FROM THE ROSE GARDEN?

HOW WILL WE BE AFFECTED BY WHAT APPEARS TO BE THE START OF A GLOBAL TRADE WAR?

HOW DO YOU SEE IT AND HOW DO YOU REACT EVEN THOUGH YOU HAVE NOT HEARD IT YET?

>> NONE OF US KNOW WHAT THE PRESIDENT IS GOING TO ANNOUNCE.

I'M NOT EVEN SURE THEY WERE MEAN ANYTHING.

ANYTHING THAT HE ANNOUNCES TODAY HE MAY REVERSE TOMORROW.

NOTHING IS REAL UNTIL IT IS ACTUALLY IMPLEMENTED.

THE PRESIDENT ANNOUNCED SEVERAL TARIFFS THAT WITHIN 24 OR 48 HOURS HAD VANISHED.

WE ALSO DO NOT KNOW WHAT POLICY HE'S TRYING TO DRIVE THAT.

SOMETIMES HE IS TALKING ABOUT TARIFFS AS AN ECONOMIC POLICY.

SOMETIMES HE'S TALKING ABOUT MIGRATION POLICY.

IT MAKES NO SENSE TO AMERICANS, TWO ECONOMISTS, TO OUR ALLIES.

WE ARE WAITING FOR WHAT HE SAYS, BUT I WILL WAIT UNTIL ANYTHING IS IMPLEMENTED.

>> SO EVEN THOUGH WE ARE TALKING ABOUT BEFORE HE ACTUALLY SAID IT WE SHOULD REACT AS YOU ARE BECAUSE IMPLEMENTATION IS WHAT WILL MATTER.

HOW DO YOU ASSESS --I WILL GET TO THE DEMOCRATS.

WHILE IT IS IN TOWN HALLS OR WHATEVER HOW THIS TRADE WAR OR POSSIBLE ECONOMIC DISRUPTION WILL PRESUMABLY HIT PEOPLE IN AMERICA IN THEIR POCKETS.

HOW IS THAT BETTER FOR U.S. CONSUMERS THAT VOTED FOR TRUMP IN ORDER TO IMPROVE THEIR COST- OF-LIVING CRISIS.

>> I THINK YOU HAVE TO ASSUME THAT HE IS TRYING TO SEND THE ECONOMY INTO A RECESSION.

I UNDERSTAND IT DOES NOT MAKE SENSE IF YOU ARE TREATING AMERICAN POLITICS AS NORMAL.

NOTHING IS NORMAL HERE RIGHT NOW.

TRUMP APPEARS TO BE VERY INTENTIONALLY TRYING TO TRANSITION AMERICA AWAY FROM A DEMOCRACY INTO SOME FORM OF AUTOCRACY.

PART OF THE WAY YOU DO THAT IS TO CREATE CRISES.

EVERYTHING ELON MUSK IS DOING INSIDE THE GOVERNMENT IS INTENDED TO CREATE CRISIS WHETHER IT IS THREATENING TO TAKE MEDICAID AWAY.

THREATENING TO SHUT DOWN SOCIAL SECURITY.

CHAOS.

YOU HAVE TO LOOK AT THE TRADE POLICY AS DESIGNED FOR CHAOS.

SOME TARIFFS CAN WORK.

I'M A BELIEVER THAT TARGETED TARIFFS COMBINED WITH DOMESTIC INDUSTRIAL POLICY INCENTIVES TO CREATE MANUFACTURING CAPACITY IN THE COUNTRY CAN BE GOOD POLICY.

YOU HAVE TO ACKNOWLEDGE THAT'S NOT WHAT HE'S DOING.

HE'S APPLYING TARIFFS WITH ABSOLUTELY NO CORRESPONDING AND DOES -- DOMESTIC INDUSTRIAL INCENTIVE.

ALL THAT WILL HAPPEN IS PRICES WILL GO WAY UP ON CARS, MAYBE $3000 IMMEDIATELY.

THERE WILL BE VERY LITTLE JOB CREATION IN THE UNITED STATES.

I THINK THAT IS THE REALITY IS THAT THE UNDERLYING MOTIVATION IS RECESSION AND CHAOS.

>> THAT REALLY STRIKES ME AS VERY DIFFICULT TO COMPREHEND.

I UNDERSTAND WHAT YOU ARE SAYING ABOUT YOUR VIEW OF TRANSITIONING FROM DEMOCRACY TO MOST AMERICANS NOW SAY, 58% SAY TARIFFS HURT THE U.S. ECONOMY AND THEY EXPECT THE POLICIES TO INCREASE INFLATION, THE VERY THING THEY VOTED AGAINST PRESUMABLY IN ORDER TO ELECT HIM.

A HARVARD ECONOMICS PROCESS OR --PROFESSOR SAID TO THE WASHINGTON POST, TRUMP DOES NOT SEEM TO UNDERSTAND BASIC ECONOMICS.

I'VE NOT SEEN A MORE WRONG POLICY COME OUT OF THE WHITE HOUSE IN DECADES.

HOW CAN THIS BE DELIBERATE?

HOW DOES IT HELP HIM?

>> AGAIN, WHAT IF THE INTENTION ULTIMATELY IS TO GET THE UNITED STATES IN SUCH AN UNSTABLE PLACE BOTH POLITICALLY AND ECONOMICALLY THAT THE PRESIDENT IS IN A POSITION TO EXERCISE EMERGENCY POWERS.

IF THAT IS HIS INTENT, THEN MAYBE IN THE SHORT RUN HE IS LOOKING FOR SOME KIND OF HE ALSO WANTS TO BE IN A POSITION WHERE EVERYONE DOMESTICALLY IN THE UNITED STATES HAS TO COME TO HIM AND PLEDGE THEIR LOYALTY.

TARIFFS IS A WAY TO DO THAT BECAUSE IF HE IMPOSES TARIFFS ACROSS THE BOARD ON THE ECONOMY, EVERY INTEREST HAS TO COME TO HIM AND ASK FOR THE TARIFFS TO BE RELEASED.

THAT IS AN OPPORTUNITY FOR HIM TO FORCE THEM TO DECLARE THEIR POLITICAL LOYALTY TO HIM.

IF YOU EXIST IN A WORLD IN WHICH YOU ARE JUST TRYING TO ESSENTIALLY CRUSH DISSENT AND REWARD LOYALTY THAN TARIFFS, EVEN IF IT GETS SOME SHORT-TERM ECONOMIC SHOCK, MAY SERVE YOUR POLITICAL GOALS IN THE MEDIUM AND LONG RUN.

>> IT IS EXTRAORDINARY TO HEAR YOU SAY THIS.

CLEARLY EVERY FOREIGN GOVERNMENT ALSO HAS TO APPEAL TO HIM TO TRY TO GET RID OF THIS AND FIGURE OUT HOW TO MAKE IT NOT HEARD AS MUCH.

ALSO, THE QUESTION IS HOW ARE YOU GOING TO MAKE SURE THAT DOES NOT HAPPEN?

IN OTHER WORDS, THAT SUCH A CRISIS, SUCH AN EMERGENCY AS YOU LAID OUT HAPPENS AND HE'S JUST GOING TO BE ABLE TO DO WHAT YOU SAID.

WHAT WILL THE OPPOSITION DEAL?

I ASK YOU AFTER THE SUPREME COURT ELECTION IN WISCONSIN, AFTER THE BIG SPEECH BY CORY BOOKER WHICH I WILL PLAY A LITTLE BIT UP RIGHT NOW AND I WILL ASK YOU TO ANSWER.

LET ME PLAY A LITTLE BIT OF CORY BOOKER'S FILIBUSTER TO MIKE >> I RISE IN THE INTENTION OF GETTING IN SOME GOOD TROUBLE.

I RISE WITH THE INTENTION OF DISRUPTING THE NORMAL BUSINESS OF THE UNITED STATES SENATE FOR AS LONG AS I AM PHYSICALLY ABLE.

>> WE COULD BE ON THAT CITY ON THE HILL.

WE ARE UP HIGH AND FOLKS WILL LOOK TO US ABOUT WHAT THE NEW ORDER WILL BE.

WHAT DOES DEMOCRACY LOOK LIKE?

WILL WE DEFEND DEMOCRACY OR WILL WE BEHAVE LIKE THE AUTHORITARIANS WE SHOULD BE AGAINST?

>> IT IS A SPEECH, NOT A FILIBUSTER.

OBVIOUSLY I MADE THAT MISTAKE.

THIS IS A RECORD 25 HOURS SPEECH.

NOBODY HAS EVER SPOKEN ON SUBSTANCE OR ANY WAY THAT LONG.

YOU WERE THERE.

WHAT DO YOU THINK THAT IS ACHIEVING?

>> I STAYED UP WITH HIM ALL NIGHT.

I WAS ON THE FLOOR WITH HIM FOR 25 HOURS BECAUSE I ACTUALLY BELIEVE WHAT HE WAS DOING HAS THE POTENTIAL TO HELP SAVE OUR DEMOCRACY.

I'M NOT SAYING BY ITSELF.

THIS IS A MOMENT ULTIMATELY WERE MAY BE THE ONLY THING THAT WILL MATTER IS MASS PUBLIC MOBILIZATION.

IF WE GET TO THAT FIVE ALARM CONSTITUTIONAL CRISIS WHERE OUR DEMOCRACY IS HANGING IN THE BALANCE AND ARGUABLY IT MIGHT BE HANGING IN THE BALANCE AS WE SPEAK.

WE WILL NEED NOT THOUSANDS OR TENS OF THOUSANDS OF PEOPLE TURNING OUT IN THE STREETS.

WE WILL NEED HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF PEOPLE SHOWING UP.

COURAGEOUS LAST NIGHT.

I CAN TELL YOU ALREADY HE HAS INSPIRED MOBILIZATION AND ACTION ACROSS THE COUNTRY PICK EVERYTHING WE ARE DOING HAS TO BE SEEN IN ITS ATTEMPT TO PROVIDE PEOPLE WITH THE IMPETUS AND INSPIRATION ON THE OUTSIDE TO STAND UP IN BIG NUMBERS AGAINST THE THIEVERY THAT IS HAPPENING INSIDE THE GOVERNMENT RIGHT NOW.

I THINK THAT IS WHAT HE DID WAS PROVIDE A LITTLE WIND ON THE WINGS.

FOLKS DO NOT WANT TO LOSE DEMOCRACY.

THE WISCONSIN VICTORY, A 10 POINT VICTORY IN A STATE THAT DONALD TRUMP WON WILL ALSO PROVIDE SOME MOMENTUM.

THAT'S WHAT WE NEED.

UNFORTUNATELY WE ARE AT A POINT WHERE WE NEED TO LOOK AT COUNTRIES LIKE KOREA.

THEY WERE IN A CRISES AND HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS PEOPLE CAME OUT.

THAT'S WHAT WE WILL NEED.

>> EVEN TURKEY, THEY ARRESTED A POLITICAL THREAT.

THE WORLD SAYING WHY IS EVERYBODY SILENT IN THE UNITED STATES.

WILL THERE COME A TIME WHEN AMERICANS FEEL THAT MUCH THREAT?

THE DEMOCRACY AUTOCRACY TO ARGUMENT THAT BIDEN AND HARRIS PUT FORTH AS THE MAIN CAMPAIGN THING, IT FAILED.

PEOPLE DIDN'T CARE.

>> I THINK IT IS A MISTAKE TO LOOK THROUGH THESE RALLIES AND TAKE THAT ASSIGNMENTS.

AMERICA IS AWAKENING.

IT IS HAPPENING WITH THOUSAND PERSON RALLIES AGAINST TESLA OR TENS OF THOUSAND PEOPLE SHOWING UP FOR BERNIE SANDERS OR ELIZABETH WARREN.

THERE'S A LOT OF PEOPLE OUT ON THE STREETS TODAY.

IT'S JUST IN MORE DISPERSED POLITICAL ACTION.

I DO AGREE WITH YOU THAT THE WAY THAT KAMALA HARRIS TALKED.

THIS VERSION OF DEMOCRACY IS NOT WORKING FOR PEOPLE.

PEOPLE WANT A DRAMATICALLY DIFFERENT FORM OF DEMOCRACY, FOR INSTANCE ONE BILLIONAIRE MONEY IS GONE.

WHERE WE PASS LEGISLATION THAT NO RICH PERSON CAN TRY TO BUY AN ELECTION.

DEMOCRATS WILL ONLY WIN ON DEMOCRACY WENT --SAYING THAT IF WE WIN WE WILL ANSWER TO THE REGULAR PEOPLE.

NOT THE AFFLUENT.

>> YOU POINTED OUT MONEY.

FOR YEARS MONEY HAS BEEN THE THING IN AMERICAN POLITICS FROM CITIZENS UNITED AND MUSK ACCUSED OF BUYING VOTES NOT JUST FOR TRUMP IN PENNSYLVANIA BUT THE CANDIDATE IN WISCONSIN.

IN WISCONSIN IT FAILED.

HOW DO YOU -- WHAT ARE YOU TRYING TO SAY IN TERMS OF A RALLYING CRY?

YES, THE MONEY AND CORRUPTION.

YOU SAID THINGS THAT WE NEED TO FOCUS ON ONE THING LIKE MAYBE THIS INSTEAD OF SOME OF THE PROMISES LIKE GUN CONTROL, ENVIRONMENT, THINGS LIKE THAT.

>> I DO ARGUE THAT THE PARTY SHOULD VIEW ECONOMIC POPULISM AS A TENTPOLE.

WE SHOULD BE THE PARTY ARGUING FOR TRIPLING OF THE MINIMUM WAGE, MUCH STRONGER COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AND UNIONS.

MUCH STRONGER AUTHORITY OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT TO BLAST APART THE BIG CORPORATIONS AND MONOPOLIES THAT ARE DOMINATING OUR LIVES AND CRUSHING SMALL BUSINESSES IN OUR COMMUNITIES.

WE SHOULD BE AN ECONOMICALLY POPULIST PARTY AND LET PEOPLE IN THE COALITION I DISAGREE WITH US ON SO MANY SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ISSUES.

BY COULD ARGUE ON ONE SECONDARY ISSUE BEYOND ECONOMIC POPULISM IT WOULD BE GOVERNMENT REFORM.

WE SHOULD BE THE PARTY THAT SAYS IF YOU GIVE US POWER WE WILL GET BILLIONAIRE MONEY COMPLETELY OUT OF POLITICS.

IF YOU RUN ON THOSE TWO THINGS.

DRAMATICALLY HIGHER WAGES, LESS POWERFUL CORPORATIONS, LEANING UP GOVERNMENT YOU COULD CROSS OVER AND GET A LOT OF THE VOTERS THAT HAVE BEEN VOTING FOR DONALD TRUMP BECAUSE OVER THE LAST DECADE THEY HAVE VIEWED HIM AS THE ANTI-STATUS QUO CANDIDATE."

ARE THERE FOR THE TAKING AS THEY SEE HIM ENRICHING HIS BILLIONAIRE FRIENDS.

>> YOU HAVE TO BE SURE YOU'RE ON 10 IS UNITED ON THIS.

WE CAN'T HAVE SOME PEOPLE ON THE FAR LEFT, SOME PEOPLE ON THE FAR RIGHT EVER.

>> WE WERE CERTAINLY UNITED LAST NIGHT.

VIRTUALLY EVERY DEMOCRAT WAS ON THE FLOOR SUPPORTING CORY BOOKER'S SPEECH.

I WANT A UNITED PARTY, BUT I DON'T THINK THAT IS THE GOAL.

THE GOAL IS WINNING ELECTIONS.

THE REPUBLICAN PARTY WAS THE DEFINITION OF DISUNITY OVER THE PAST DECADE.

THEY WERE FIGHTING WITH EACH OTHER ALL THE TIME ON THE FLOOR OF THE SENATE.

THEY COULD BARELY ELECT A SPEAKER.

WHEN THE ELECTION CAME AROUND I ACTUALLY AM COMFORTABLE WITH THERE BEING MORE, NOT LESS DISAGREEMENT INSIDE THE DEMOCRATIC PARTY.

THAT'S WHY I'M MAKING THE ARGUMENT THAT EVEN SOMEBODY THAT WAKES UP EVERY DAY THINKING ABOUT TIGHTER GUN LAWS AND BANNING ASSAULT WEAPONS, I'M OKAY WITH PEOPLE IN THE COALITION WHO MAY DISAGREE WITH ME ON GUNS SO LONG AS THEY AGREE WITH ME ON REFORMING GOVERNMENT AND GIVING WORKERS POWER IN THE ECONOMY.

>> I WANT TO ASK YOU ABOUT DUE PROCESS BECAUSE THAT IS PART OF WHAT WE ARE TALKING ABOUT.

CLEARLY THE BIG SCANDAL IS IN THESE MASS DEPORTATIONS WHETHER IT IS FREEDOM OF SPEECH, MASQUERADING AS FOREIGN POLICY, WHETHER IT IS CRIME AND THE HUGE HAULING OFF OF PEOPLE AND SENDING THEM OUT OF THE COUNTRY PICK YOU KNOW WHAT HAPPENED TO THIS PERSON THAT WAS SENT TO EL SALVADOR PICK IT WAS COMPLETELY WRONG.

THE ADMINISTRATION ADMITS IT.

EVEN NOW, SOME VERY PROMINENT RIGHT-WING VOICES.

GETTING A LITTLE BIT ALARMED.

DO YOU THINK THAT SIGNALS A GENUINE CHANGE?

DO YOU THINK DUE PROCESS IN THIS DEPORTATION WILL BE A PROBLEM FOR THIS ADMINISTRATION?

>> I HOPE IT IS.

IT HAS TO BE BECAUSE THIS IS PART OF WHY I ARGUED TO YOU THAT WE ARE ON A DISSENT TO DESPOTISM.

IT IS ABSOLUTELY INTERRUPTIBLE.

THE COUNTRY CAN MAKE A DECISION THAT WE DO NOT WANT TO BE A NATION IN WHICH YOU GET LOCKED UP OR DEPORTED FOR YOUR POLITICAL VIEWS ARE FOR THE ART ON YOUR ARM.

WE HAVE TO COME TOGETHER AROUND THAT.

I HAVE MADE THE CASE OVER THE LAST SEVERAL WEEKS THAT EVERY TRUMP SUPPORTER, EVERY REPUBLICAN IN THE COUNTRY SHOULD CARE ABOUT THE WAY IN WHICH TRUMP IS TARGETING POLITICAL SPEECH.

THESE STUDENTS WHO ARE BEING DISAPPEARED.

THESE ARE PEOPLE IN THE COUNTRY LEGALLY.

THEY HAVE STUDENT VISAS AND BECAUSE THEY DISAGREE WITH THE PRESIDENT POLITICALLY.

THAT BECOMES NORMALIZED IT WILL NOT STOP AT GREEN CARD HOLDERS FOR STUDENT VISA HOLDERS.

IT WILL BE AMERICAN CITIZENS WHO WILL BE LOCKED UP SIMPLY BECAUSE THEY DISAGREE WITH THE PRESIDENT.

HISTORY SHOWS YOU HAVE TO DRAW A FIRM, EARLY LINE ON THIS KIND OF CRIMINALIZATION OF POLITICAL SPEECH.

I'M GLAD THAT A COUPLE OF REPUBLICANS ARE SPEAKING UP, BUT VERY FEW OF MY COLLEAGUES I.

WE NEED SOME ELECTED REPUBLICANS TO SAY ENOUGH IS ENOUGH.

POLITICAL SPEECH IN THIS COUNTRY IS PROTECTED FOR EVERYBODY WHETHER YOU ARE A GREEN CARD HOLDER OUR AMERICAN CITIZEN.

>> OF COURSE, LET'S NOT FORGET THAT THE STUDENTS KNOW CHARGES ARE BEING FILED AGAINST THEM.

THEY ARE STILL DISAPPEARED IN A COURT SYSTEM SOMEWHERE WITH NO CHARGES FILED AGAINST THEM.

JUST FINALLY, PEOPLE SAY, DON'T TAKE TRUMP SERIOUSLY ARE LITERALLY OR WHATEVER THE HELL THEY SAY, HE SAID HE'S NOT JOKING ABOUT A THIRD TERM.

>> I THINK THERE IS A PATTERN HERE.

WHEN HE'S GETTING IN REAL HOT WATER OR POLITICAL TROUBLE YOU WILL LOVE UPON AND HOPE YOU WILL STOP TALKING ABOUT THE CENTRAL STORIES.

THIS WEEK REPUBLICANS IN THE SENATE I DEBATING A BILL TO THROW MILLIONS OF PEOPLE OFF OF MEDICAID.

THAT'S THE HEALTH INSURANCE PROGRAM IN AMERICA FOR 24% OF FAMILIES TO PASS A MASSIVE TAX CUT FOR THE WEALTHY.

THE ADMINISTRATION IS MIRED IN THE SIGNAL SCANDAL WHERE THEY ARE APPARENTLY TEXTING WAR PLANS TO JOURNALISTS.

THIS IS A TRIED AND TRUE TACTIC.

HE SAYS I'M GOING TO RUN FOR A THIRD TERM AND HOPE EVERYBODY FOCUSES ON THAT OUTRAGEOUS STATEMENT AND STOPS TALKING ABOUT THE CENTRAL STORYLINE WHICH IS THE THIEVERY, THE STEALING OF RESOURCES AND WEALTH FROM THE POOR AND MIDDLE- CLASS TO HAND TO HIS FRIENDS.

I'M NOT PAYING ATTENTION TO WHAT HE SAID ON THAT.

I AM FOCUSED ON STOPPING HIM FROM CUTTING MEDICAID AND DROPPING PEOPLE FROM INSURANCE IN THE MILLIONS ALL ACROSS THE COUNTRY.

>> SENATOR CHRIS MURPHY, INC. YOU FOR JOINING US.

NOW TO THE MIDDLE EAST WHERE ISRAEL HAS ANNOUNCED A MAJOR EXPANSION OF ITS WAR IN GAZA.

THE DEFENSE MINISTER SAID THERE ARE PLANS TO SEIZE LARGE AREAS WHILE MAJOR BOMBARDMENT AND A SIEGE ON ANY AID GETTING THROUGH PUNISHES THE WHOLE POPULATION.

THE NUMBER OF DEBT RISES ABOVE 50,000 ACCORDING TO AUTHORITIES THERE.

THE ONE SAYS THEY HAVE DISCOVERED THE BODIES OF 15 AID WORKERS IN A MASS GRAVE.

THE U.N. SAID THEY WERE KILLED ONE BY ONE.

THE ISRAELI MILITARY HAS ADMITTED IT DID BURY THE BODIES AND IS INVESTIGATING WHAT HAPPENED.

MY NEXT GUESTS HAVE WORKED HARD TO MINISTER TO ALL THIS PAIN AND SUFFERING.

HOWARD DAMON, A FORMER CNN JOURNALIST AND FOUNDER OFFERING MEDICAL SUPPORT TO CHILDREN AND FAMILIES IN WARDROOM --WAR ZONES AND A PHYSICIAN WHO RECENTLY LEFT GAZA.

WELCOME TO YOU BOTH.

I THINK WE HAVE TO START WITH OUR CITY HERE.

NOTRE DAME IS ARE ALLOWED IN UNLESS IT IS IN BEDS AND WE HAVE NOT SEEN THAT PIC WE RELY A LOT ON PEOPLE WHO ACTUALLY GET TO GO IN TO TELL US THE HUMANITARIAN SITUATION.

FIRST, WHAT DO YOU THINK THE DEFENSE MINISTER DECLARATION OF AN EXPANDED ANNEXATION OF PARTS OF GAZA WILL MEAN FOR THE PEOPLE THERE?

>> YOU HAVE TO THINK ABOUT THE POPULATION THAT IS ALREADY CRUSHED.

NOW IT WILL JUST BE CRUSHED INTO AN EVEN SMALLER, MORE CONDENSED SPACE.

THIS IS HAPPENING WHILE NO AID HAS GOTTEN IN FOR NEARLY A MONTH.

RIGHT NOW, THERE ARE NO FUNCTIONING BAKERIES.

THE WORLD CENTRAL KITCHEN SAYS IT ONLY HAS ABOUT TWO WEEKS OF WHEN WE LOOK AT WHAT THEY AND OTHER COMMUNITY KITCHENS ARE PRODUCING IT IS RICE AND BASICALLY CANNED VEGETABLES.

WHAT IS ON THE MARKET PRETTY MUCH NONEXISTENT.

THERE IS SOME LOCAL PRODUCE YOU CAN BUY AND DISTRIBUTE.

WE HAVE TO MET, BUT FRESH VEGETABLE PARCEL COSTS ABOUT $60.

NOBODY CAN AFFORD THAT.

IT WILL RUN OUT AS WELL.

>> THERE ARE PEOPLE PRICE GOUGING AS THEY DO IN WARS?

>> YES.

THERE IS NOTHING ON THE MARKET.

THE PRICES DO NOT EVEN OUT.

THEY EVEN OUT WHEN IT COMES IN BUT NOT AT A TIME LIKE THIS.

THEN THERE IS THE TRAUMA OF ALL OF IT THAT IS BEING FELT BY THE CHILDREN.

WE SEE THIS IN OUR WORK ALL THE TIME.

CHILDREN WHO HAVE STARTED BEDWETTING.

CHILDREN WHO HAVE GONE NONVERBAL.

CHILDREN WHO HAVE HAD THEIR HELP CRUSHED TO SUCH A DEGREE THAT THEY NO LONGER HAVE HOPE IN THEMSELVES ANYMORE OR IN LIFE IN THESE INSTITUTIONS THAT ARE MEANT TO PROTECT THEM.

>> SO FOR THE MOMENT YOUR ORGANIZATION, YOU ARE BLOCKED FROM GETTING IN.

TONYA, YOU HAVE JUST COME OUT AFTER A LONG TIME IN GAZA MINISTERING PERHAPS NOT TO THE MENTAL HEALTH AND EMOTIONAL HEALTH BUT THEIR PHYSICAL HEALTH TELL ME WHAT YOU ARE SEEING MOST RECENTLY IN THE HOSPITAL.

>> THANK YOU.

NOTHING I TELL YOU RIGHT NOW CAN FULLY ENCAPSULATE THE IMPORTANT CATALOGS OF ATROCITIES THAT ISRAEL HAS COMMITTED EVEN IN THE LAST 10 DAYS.

IF YOU LOOK AT THOSE LAST 10 DAYS, IN ADDITION TO THE VICIOUS BREAK OF THE CEASE-FIRE AGREEMENT KILLING AND MAIMING AROUND 100 CHILDREN PER DAY, I BORE WITNESS TO A LOT OF THAT.

CHILDREN TAKEN THEIR LAST BREATH.

CHILDREN MAIMED TO THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT.

CHILDREN ORPHANED, CHILDREN WHO WILL NEVER MOVE PARTS OF THEIR BODY AGAIN.

IN ADDITION TO THAT IN THESE LAST 10 DAYS, ISRAELI MILITARY SHALL THE U.N.

TEAM KILLING AND MAIMING MEMBERS OF IT.

THEY BOMBED THE RED CROSS OFFICES, DIRECTLY HIT THE HOSPITAL WHERE I WAS BASED.

I WAS IN THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT.

THEY SHELLED THE FLOOR DIRECTLY ABOVE ME, KILLING TWO PATIENTS AND INJURING OTHERS.

THEY COMPLETELY LEVELED THE ONLY SPECIALTY CANCER HOSPITAL IN THE GAZA STRIP.

AS YOU MENTIONED, THEY FRANKLY EXECUTED 15 RESCUE WORKERS, NINE PARAMEDICS, SIX CIVIL DEFENSE SERVICE MEMBERS AND THE U.N. WORKER AND BURIED THEM IN A MASS GRAVE.

THE U.N. AND OTHERS SPENT OVER A WEEK TRYING TO RESCUE PEOPLE.

THEY HAD GONE TO RESCUE OTHERS THAT HAD BEEN INJURED.

I CAN TELL YOU WE PASSED THROUGH IN A CONVOY AS WE WERE LEAVING.

I REMEMBER SEEING SOME PEOPLE RUNNING CARRYING A WOUNDED PERSON AND THINKING WE ARE AN ENTIRE CONVOY OF PEOPLE THAT CAN HELP THIS PERSON.

WE COULD NOT STOP BECAUSE THEY WOULD SHOOT AT US IF WE STOPPED.

IN ADDITION TO THE CRIMES I JUST MENTIONED THEY KILLED MULTIPLE PALESTINIAN JOURNALISTS IN THESE LAST 10 DAYS AT A TIME WHEN JOURNALISTS ARE NOT MET IN.

THE PALESTINIAN JOURNALISTS LIKE RESCUE WORKERS AND COLLEAGUES HAVE BEEN VERY COURAGEOUSLY AND INCESSANTLY PROVIDING HUMANITARIAN SERVICES TO PEOPLE AT A TIME WHEN THEY ARE STARVING AND THEIR FAMILIES ARE INTENSE.

I WANT TO ASK YOU, WHAT REDLINE HAS NOT BEEN CROSSED?

>> THAT IS THE QUESTION, FRANKLY.

THAT IS THE QUESTION WE PUT OUT ALL THE TIME AND WE ARE HAVING THESE CONVERSATIONS BECAUSE THE ISRAELI GOVERNMENT IS CONSTANTLY SAYING, WE UNDERSTAND THAT THIS CEASE-FIRE WHICH WAS MEANT TO GO INTO ITS SECOND PHASE AS THE START OF ALL OF THIS, ISRAELI GOVERNMENT SAID NO BECAUSE THEY SAID HAMAS HAD NOT RELEASED THE HOSTAGES.

A CONSTANT CYCLE OF REPETITIVE ORDERS.

MY QUESTION TO YOU, THE 16 OR 17 MONTHS OF THIS CARNAGE STARTING WITH THE CARNAGE IN ISRAEL ON OCTOBER 7 AND THE CARNAGE OVER GAZA FOR MORE THAN A YEAR, NEARLY A YEAR AND A HALF.

WHAT EXACTLY HAS IT ACHIEVED?

THEY SAY THEY ARE GOING AFTER HAMAS MILITANTS.

>> THIS IS WHAT BEGS THE QUESTION, WHAT DID YOU FLATTEN ALL OF GAZA FOR AND BY WHAT COUNT ARE YOU UNABLE TO ACCOMPLISH WHAT IT IS THAT YOU NEED TO ACCOMPLISH?

ALSO, REMEMBER THE ARAB LEAGUE PUT FORWARD A PROPOSAL ROADMAP FOR GAZA THAT ADDRESSES ALL OF ISRAEL'S CONCERNS INCLUDING REMOVING HAMAS FROM BOTH MILITARY POWER AND POLITICAL POWER.

THAT WAS REJECTED.

ARAB STATES HAVE OFFERED TO TAKE ON THE WHOLE RECONSTRUCTION EFFORT WHEN IT COMES TO GAZA.

THE THING IS, WHAT WE ARE SEEING RIGHT NOW, AND AGAIN, YOU CANNOT DESCRIBE GAZA.

WHAT I'M HEARING FROM OUR TEAM ON THE GROUND IS THAT THIS IS WORSE THAN ANYTHING THEY HAVE EVER BEEN THROUGH.

OPERATING IN THE SPACE IS IMPOSSIBLE.

WHAT YOU NEED IS IMPOSSIBLE.

IT'S NOT JUST THE TARGETING OF LOCATIONS THAT WERE D CONFLICTED OR THE INABILITY TO NAVIGATE A PATTERN TO THE BOMBING.

I TALKED TO A DOCTOR WHO SAID, I'M AFRAID TO LEAVE MY HOUSE.

BEFORE YOU COULD PREDICT WHAT HOURS WOULD BE SAFE ENOUGH TO MAKE A RUN TO THE HOSPITAL.

YOU CANNOT PREDICT THAT ANYMORE.

I SHOULD HAVE BEEN IN GAZA.

I WAS DENIED ENTRY.

>> WHY IS THAT?

>> I DON'T KNOW.

I HAVE BEEN MESSAGING REPEATEDLY, TRYING TO GET AN ANSWER TO SAY, WHAT CONCERNS DO YOU HAVE?

WHAT CAN I ADDRESS?

HOW CAN I ALLEVIATE YOUR CONCERNS.

I GET ZERO RESPONSE.

IT IS NOT JUST ME.

>> WE KNOW THAT THERE IS NO AID GETTING THROUGH.

WHAT DOES THIS MEAN IN ACTUAL TERMS OF WHAT YOU NEED TO OPERATE WITH.

WHAT WE HEAR IS THAT THERE'S TONS OF STUFF WAITING ON THE BORDERS TO GET IN WHETHER IT IS TO EAT, IT IS MEDICAL SUPPLIES, EQUIPMENT.

DO YOU HAVE OXYGEN OR MEDICINE?

>> I WILL GIVE YOU AN EXAMPLE OF MY OWN SPECIALTY.

I'M A PEDIATRIC INTENSIVE CARE DOCTOR.

EVERY HOSPITAL PROVIDING PEDIATRIC AND NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE HAS BEEN DESTROYED OR PUT OUT OF SERVICE BY THE ISRAELI MILITARY.

INSTEAD, THE ORGANIZATION I WORK FOR SET UP A SMALL NEONATAL ICU IN A SMALL HOSPITAL IN GAZA CITY.

THERE ARE NOT ENOUGH VENTILATORS.

THERE ARE 20 VENTILATORS WAITING AT THE BORDER TO ENTER GAZA THEY ARE OBSTRUCTED BY ISRAEL.

>> WHEN YOU ASK WHY, WHAT IS THE ANSWER?

>> THIS IS BEFORE THE FULL BLOCKADE EARLIER IN MARCH.

THIS WAS EVEN BEFORE.

NOT A SINGLE OXYGEN GENERATOR HAS BEEN ALLOWED BY ISRAEL INTO THE GAZA STRIP FOR THE LAST YEAR AND A HALF DESPITE THEM DESTROYING THE MAJORITY OF THE OXYGEN GENERATORS IN GAZA.

THE SAME GOES FOR THE HOSPITALS.

THEY HAVE DESTROYED MOST OF THE HOSPITALS, THAT THEY WILL NOT LEAD IN THE CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT TO REBUILD THEM.

THIS, FROM A GROSS INFRASTRUCTURE AND EQUIPMENT STANDPOINT.

>> I WANT TO ASK YOU SOMETHING.

WERE YOU THERE WHILE THE CEASE- FIRE, THE FIRST PART OF THE CEASE-FIRE WAS IN EFFECT?

WHAT DID YOU SEE?

I AM REALLY FASCINATED TO KNOW.

THERE WAS A FLOOD OF AID AND PEOPLE WERE TRYING TO GO BACK TO EVEN THERE BOMBED OUT.

WHAT WAS THE ATMOSPHERE?

WHAT WAS THE ABILITY OF PEOPLE TO TRY TO LIVE DURING THOSE FEW WEEKS OF CEASE-FIRE?

>> CHRISTIANE, IT WAS SELECTIVE AID.

ALL THE THINGS I JUST MENTIONED WERE STILL PROHIBITED.

CHOCOLATES WERE GETTING IN.

SOAP WHICH HAD BEEN PROHIBITED WAS GETTING IN PEOPLE SHAMPOO AND SOAP AND CHOCOLATE.

IT IS RELATIVE DESPITE WHEN YOU THINK ABOUT WHAT THEY WERE GOING THROUGH EARLIER.

THE EVIDENCE OF WHICH WAS THE MALNUTRITION UNIT IN THE HOSPITAL.

WE HAD CHILDREN WITH SEVERE ACUTE MALNUTRITION AS A CONSEQUENCE OF THE FULL BLOCKADE UP UNTIL THAT POINT.

IT WAS GREAT THAT WE WERE GETTING FOOD.

PEOPLE WERE ABLE TO EAT SOURCES OF PROTEIN AND VITAMINS WHICH IS VERY IMPORTANT FOR THEIR HEALTH AFTER BEING STARVED FOR A YEAR AND A HALF.

AT THE SAME TIME, THINGS THAT ARE NECESSARY TO REBUILD THEIR LIVES WERE BEING OBSTRUCTED FROM ENTERING THE GAZA STRIP.

PEOPLE WERE BREATHING, CHRISTIANE.

THERE WAS A SENSE OF HOPE THAT THEY COULD GO BACK TO THEIR HOMES AND REBUILD.

HE SAW HEALTHCARE WORKERS REOPENING HOSPITAL OR EVEN TENANT ON THE RUBBLE WHERE THE HOSPITAL WAS TO PROVIDE THAT NIGHT ON MARCH 18 WHEN ISRAEL VICIOUSLY BROKE THE CEASE-FIRE, JUST TO BE CLEAR THEY HAD BEEN BREAK IN THE CEASE-FIRE THE WHOLE TIME.

WE WERE RECEIVING CASUALTIES.

IT WAS JUST RELATIVELY FEWER.

WE WERE RECEIVING PATIENTS FROM MISSILE STRIKES.

WE WERE RECEIVING FEWER WAR RELATED CASUALTIES BUT WE WERE STILL RECEIVING THEM.

ON MARCH 18, THAT EARLY MORNING, AND I SAY THAT TERROR SHOOK GAZA I DON'T KNOW HOW ELSE TO DESCRIBE IT.

I WANT TO SHARE THIS WITH YOUR AUDIENCE EVEN THOUGH IT IS EMBARRASSING TO MYSELF BUT I THINK IT HELPS PEOPLE UNDERSTAND THE LEVEL OF TERROR THAT IS BEEN INFLICTED ON THE PALESTINIAN PEOPLE BY THE STATE OF ISRAEL.

THE ENTIRE STRIP SHOOK.

I HAVE BEEN IN WAR ZONES BEFORE.

I WAS IN GAZA LAST YEAR WHEN THERE WAS NOT A CEASE-FIRE.

I AWOKE FROM SLEEP AND STARTED SHIVERING.

THE WAY YOUR TEETH RATTLED WHEN YOU WERE CALLED TO PICK IT HAS NEVER HAPPENED TO ME BEFORE.

IT WAS A VISCERAL REACTION TO BE AWOKEN FROM SLEEP WITH PURE TERROR.

IT TOOK ME ABOUT 20 MINUTES EVEN AFTER I RATIONALIZED WHAT WAS HAPPENING, PUT MY SCRUBS ON AND WAS READY TO RUN DOWN TO THE E.R.

EXPECTING THE WAVE OF CASUALTIES, IT TOOK ME ABOUT 20 MINUTES TO CALM DOWN.

NOW I UNDERSTAND WHY ALL THESE CHILDREN COME INTO THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT SHIVERING.

LAST YEAR PART OF ME THOUGHT THAT THEY WERE COLD.

NOW IT IS TERROR.

IT IS TERROR BEEN INFLICTED ON THE PEOPLE WHO HAVE BEEN ON THE RECEIVING END OF SOME OF THE WORST ATROCITIES OF OUR LIFETIMES.

HONESTLY, IT WILL BE A SHAME THAT WE WILL HAVE TO RECKON WITH AS HISTORY IS WRITTEN DAY AFTER DAY AND BOTH COUNTRIES LIKE THE UNITED STATES AND MEDIA AGENCIES THAT ARE MANUFACTURING CONSENT FOR THIS HIDING CERTAIN NARRATIVES, DISCREDITING THE JOURNALISTS THAT ARE COVERING THESE ATROCITIES.

WE WILL HAVE TO RECKON WITH THIS.

>> IT WILL BE A HUGE RECKONING THROUGH THIS WHOLE TRAGEDY THAT IS BEING GOING ON FOR DECADES AND DECADES.

BOTH SIDES SUFFERING SO UNBELIEVABLY MUCH.

I JUST WANT TO ASK YOU, A VERY DEVILS ADVOCATE QUESTION.

FROM WHAT WE HAVE JUST HEARD FROM TONYA.

FROM THE VISUALS OF THE ALMOST UNINHABITABLE GAZA.

I REMEMBER SEEING THESE PICTURES WHERE FAMILIES WERE.

BREAKING RAMADAN IN THE RUBBLE.

THEY WERE LOOKING LIKE THEY WERE HAPPY TO BE TOGETHER, BUT YOU COULD TELL IT WAS ALMOST UNINHABITABLE.

CLEARLY THIS PRESSURE TO SQUEEZE THE AMOUNT OF TERRITORY, DO YOU THINK INEVITABLY THEY ARE MOVING TOWARDS TRYING TO MOVE THE PALESTINIANS MIKE PRESIDENT TRUMP SAYS?

MOVE THEM OUT?

>> I THINK AND A LOT OF GAZANS BELIEVE THAT IS THE END OBJECTIVE.

ISRAEL HAS ALREADY DECLARED THAT IS ITS OBJECTIVE ON NUMEROUS OCCASIONS.

SENIOR OFFICIALS HAVE COME OUT AND SAID WE ARE GOING TO TAKE GAZA.

FOR PALESTINIANS THAT ARE LIVING THROUGH IT, THEY CANNOT DESCRIBE THIS AS ANYTHING OTHER THAN THEIR OWN ANNIHILATION.

THE SENSE OF ABANDONMENT, THEY ARE FULLY COGNIZANT OF THE FACT THAT NOTHING IS GOING TO STOP THIS.

>> LASTLY, YOU ARE TREATING THE PALESTINIANS BUT THERE ARE STILL HOSTAGES, INDIVIDUALS WHOSE FAMILIES ARE STILL PROTESTING AGAINST THIS STEPPED UP OR WHO WANT THEIR FAMILY MEMBERS BACK.

WHAT DO YOU THINK IS HAPPENING TO THEM RIGHT NOW?

I KNOW I AM ASKING YOU TO GUESS, BUT THEY ARE IN THIS SMALL ENCLAVE.

>> CORRECT.

IF YOU LOOK AT THE LAST YEAR AND A HALF, WHEN OUR HOSTAGES RELEASED ALIVE?

THEY ARE RELEASED WHEN THERE ARE NEGOTIATIONS AND WHEN THE NEGOTIATIONS ARE RESPECTED.

NOT WHEN THERE'S BOMBARDMENT.

GIVEN THE INTENSITY, THE INDISCRIMINATE NATURE AND THE SORT OF ACROSS THE STRIP VIOLENT AND VICIOUS BOMBING THAT HAPPENS WHEN ISRAEL STRIKES THE ENCLAVE, THE BIGGEST RISK TO DEATH IS THE ISRAELI MILITARY.

I THINK A LOT OF PEOPLE RECOGNIZE THAT.

WE KNOW THAT THE ONLY WAY ESSENTIALLY TO GET ANYBODY OUT OF THIS ALIVE IS FOR ISRAEL TO RESPECT THE CEASE-FIRE.

>> WE NEED TO GET A GOVERNMENT IT IS REALLY HARD.

THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR YOUR TESTIMONY.

GOOD LUCK WITH THE HUMANITARIAN EFFORT TRYING TO GET BACK IN.

>>> AS PRESIDENT TRUMP ATTEMPTS TO REWRITE THE HISTORY BOOKS, HE'S TARGETING THE SMITHSONIAN, THE WORLD'S LARGEST MUSEUM COMPLEX.

AN EXECUTIVE ORDER WANTS TO ERADICATE WHAT HE CALLS A DIVISIVE RACE CENTERED IDEOLOGY.

CRITICS HIT BACK SAYING HE HAS WHITEWASHING CONFLICTS AND TROUBLED PAST.

TIRE MILES IS AN EXPERT WHO JOINS MICHELLE MARTIN TO REFLECT ON WHAT THIS COULD MEAN FOR THE FUTURE OF THE UNITED STATES.

>> THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR TALKING WITH US.

>> THANK YOU FOR HAVING ME.

I AM HAPPY TO BE HERE.

>> YOU ARE WELL KNOWN IN YOUR PROFESSION AND ALSO OUTSIDE OF IT.

A NATIONAL BOOK AWARD WINNER.

YOU ARE PROFESSOR OF HISTORY AT HARVARD.

A LOT OF YOUR WORK FOCUSES ON LIVES THAT WE HAVE NOT SEEN AS MUCH OF.

LIVES OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN PEOPLE, AFRICAN-AMERICAN GIRLS, ALSO INDIGENOUS PEOPLE.

SO YOU WRITE BOOKS, AS MOST HISTORIANS DO.

YOU ALSO HAVE WRITTEN ABOUT ARTIFACTS.

THINGS WE CAN SEE OURSELVES.

WHAT ROLE DO YOU THINK MUSEUMS PLAY IN OUR UNDERSTANDING OF HISTORY?

>> IT IS CRITICALLY IMPORTANT.

TO ME AS A RESEARCHER, MUSEUMS HAVE BEEN FOUNDATIONAL TO THE WAY I CAN ASK QUESTIONS ABOUT THE PAST, THE WAYS I CAN ANSWER ABOUT THE PAST.

LEADING TO ACCESS MATERIALS AND MUSEUMS AS WELL AS THE EXPERTS WHO CARRY THOSE MATERIALS AND STEWARD THEN AS A WAY TO RECONSTRUCT MODELS OF THINGS THAT TOOK PLACE IN PREVIOUS CENTURIES.

FOR EXAMPLE, IN ONE OF MY RECENT BOOKS IT FOCUSES ON THE CONCEPT THAT WAS PASSED DOWN THROUGH GENERATIONS.

I SAW IT IN THE SMITHSONIAN.

IT IS THAT INSTITUTION THAT ALLOWED ME AN ENTRY POINT INTO WHAT TURNED INTO A REALLY MEANINGFUL STORY BOTH FOR ME AND FOR NUMEROUS READERS.

>> SAFELY WOULD YOU TELL THE STORY?

WHAT IS ON IT.

WHAT DOES IT SAY?

WHAT IS THE STORY OF ASHLEY ZACH?

>> IT IS A BEAUTIFUL, RARE ARTIFACT.

THERE'S NOTHING LIKE IT ACROSS ANY COLLECTION THAT HAS TO DO WITH THE HISTORY AND CULTURE OF AFRICAN AMERICA.

IT IS AN AGRICULTURAL BAG OR SACK THAT WOULD HAVE BEEN USED TO CARRY BEANS OR SEEDS.

AN ENSLAVED WOMAN NAMED ROSE HAD IT IN HER POSSESSION IN THE 1850S WHEN SHE LEARNED HER DAUGHTER ASHLEY WAS GOING TO BE SOLD AWAY FROM HER.

AT THAT TIME SHE PACKED THIS PARTICULAR ZACH THAT WE STILL HAVE TODAY THAT WE CAN SEE WITH VARIOUS ITEMS SHE THOUGHT HER SMALL CHILD WOULD NEED TO SURVIVE.

ON THE SACK ITSELF, WE HAVE AN EMBROIDERED DESCRIPTION OF WHAT IT IS I AM SHARING WITH YOU NOW.

A DESCENDENT OF THAT FAMILY, A GRANDDAUGHTER AND GREAT- GRANDDAUGHTER OF THAT FAMILY SEWED THE STORY ONTO THE SACK IN SENTENCES.

IT IS AN ARTIFACT.

IT IS ALSO A TEXT.

IT CAPTURES AND REFLECTS BACK TO US THE TRIALS AFRICAN AMERICANS EXPERIENCED BUT ALSO THE PERSEVERANCE OF FAMILY TIES AND LOVE.

WHAT THAT SACK SAYS IN THE CENTER OF THE EMBROIDERY IS, THIS IS FILLED WITH MY LOVE ALWAYS.

THAT BECAME INCREDIBLY NECESSARY TO ASHLEY 'SURVIVAL BECAUSE THE SACK TELLS US SHE NEVER SAW HER MOTHER AGAIN.

>> IT IS DEVASTATING.

ONE OF THE REASONS WE ALSO CALLED YOU IS BECAUSE AS YOU KNOW, RECENTLY PRESIDENT TRUMP SIGNED AN EXECUTIVE ORDER TITLED RESTORING TRUTH AND SANITY TO AMERICAN HISTORY.

IT DIRECTS FEDERAL INSTITUTIONS LIKE THIS IS SMITHSONIAN WHICH HE SPECIFICALLY NAMES TO REMOVE WHAT HE CALLS IMPROPER IDEOLOGY AND EMPHASIZE MORE UPLIFTING PORTRAYALS OF THE AMERICAN PAST.

IT SINGLES OUT THE HISTORY OF CULTURE FOR WHAT IT SAYS IS THIS AN APPROPRIATE RACY IDEOLOGY.

THE FIRST QUESTION I HAS FOR YOU --HAVE FOR YOU IS WHEN YOU HEARD THAT WHAT WENT THROUGH YOUR MIND?

>> IT IS LIKE AN ARROW TO THE HEART TO KNOW THE PERSON WHO HAS THIS MASSIVE PLATFORM HAS DECIDED TO USE IT TO ATTACK A PRECIOUS CULTURAL TREASURE INCLUDING THE MUSEUM OF HISTORY AND CULTURE.

I FELT VERY HURT AS A BLACK WOMAN, AS A SCHOLAR AND AS AN AMERICAN.

THAT IS WHAT HAPPENED FOR ME EMOTIONALLY.

WHAT I WAS THINKING WAS, WAIT A MINUTE.

HOW CAN THIS HAPPEN?

I REMEMBER JUST A HANDFUL OF MONTHS AGO SOON AFTER THE PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION WITH MANY SCHOLARS INCLUDING THOSE THAT WORK AT THE AFRICAN-AMERICAN HISTORY AND CULTURE MUSEUM.

CURATORS WHO WERE ALSO SCHOLARS WERE TELLING THE PEOPLE AT THE CONVENING THAT THEY WERE FEELING POSITIVE.

THEY WERE FEELING CONFIDENT BECAUSE EVEN THOUGH WE HAD THE ELECTION RESULTS THAT WE DID, THEY HAD JUST TAKEN A GROUP OF CONGRESSIONAL REPRESENTATIVES THROUGH THE MUSEUM.

THEY HAD GIVEN THEM A TOUR AS IS CUSTOMARY.

THE REPRESENTATIVES WERE POSITIVE ABOUT WHAT THEY SAW DISPLAYED IN THE MUSEUM.

IT HAS ALWAYS HAD AT THE CENTER OF ITS NARRATIVE THE NOTION THAT BLACK AMERICAN STORY IS AMERICA STORY.

THERE IS NO SEPARATION.

THEY ARE DEEPLY INTERTWINED.

>> LET ME GO BACK A LITTLE BIT.

YOU SAID YOU FELT HURT.

CAN YOU SHARE MORE ABOUT THAT?

FEELS LIKE A DIRECT ATTACK.

THE LANGUAGE OF THE EXECUTIVE ORDER IS VAGUE.

WE WANT TO HEAR STORIES THAT ARE HIGHLIGHTING AMERICA'S GREATNESS.

WE WANT TO HEAR THE CORRECT IDEOLOGY.

THESE TERMS CAN MEAN ANYTHING.

I FEAR THAT THERE IS A MORE INSIDIOUS ASPECT TO THEM AND THAT A DIRECTIVE TO RESTORE OR HIGHLIGHT AMERICA'S GREATNESS ACTUALLY MEANS SOMETHING MORE LIKE A DIRECTIVE TO DIMINISH OR EXCLUDE STORIES OF LACK AMERICA.

STORIES OF MANY AMERICANS THAT ARE CHARACTERIZED BY BEAUTIFUL MOMENTS BUT QUITE A LOT OF STRUGGLE.

QUITE A LOT OF STRUGGLE THAT SOMETIMES ARE PEOPLE'S STORIES.

THE STORIES OF MANY DIFFERENT COMMUNITIES OF THE AMERICAN PEOPLE.

WE ARE GOING TO BE SIDELINED, ATTACKED, DEEMED NOT GREAT OR NOT GOOD ARE NO LONGER A PART OF THE AMERICAN NARRATIVE.

>> I AM LOOKING AT THE DIRECTIVE PICKETT SAYS OVER THE PAST DECADE AMERICANS HAVE WITNESSED A CONCERTED AND WIDESPREAD EFFORT TO REWRITE OUR NATIONS HISTORY REPLACING OBJECTIVE FACTS WITH THE DISTORTED NARRATIVE DRIVEN BY IDEOLOGY RATHER THAN TRUTH.

THIS REVISIONIST MOVEMENT SEEKS TO UNDERMINE THE REMARKABLE ACHIEVEMENTS OF THE UNITED STATES BY CASTING ITS FOUNDING PRINCIPLES AND HISTORICAL MILESTONES IN A NEGATIVE LIGHT.

OUR UNPARALLELED LEGACY OF ADVANCING LIBERTY, INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS AND HUMAN HABITS IS -- HAPPINESS IS RACIST, OPPRESSIVE OR REDEEMABLE HE FLAWED.

RATHER THAN FOSTERING A DEEPER UNDERSTANDING THE WIDESPREAD DEEPEN SOCIETAL DIVIDES AND FOSTERS A SENSE OF NATIONAL SHAME DISREGARDING THE PROGRESS AMERICA HAS MADE AND THE IDEALS THAT CONTINUE TO INSPIRE MILLIONS AROUND THE GLOBE.

THAT IS THE FIRST PARAGRAPH.

I THINK THE ARGUMENT IS THE FOCUS ON RACE IS INHERENTLY DIVISIVE AND MAKES PEOPLE FEEL BAD, SPECIFICALLY SOME PEOPLE FEEL BAD.

AND THAT DETRACTS FROM THE NATIONAL FABRIC.

IF THAT IS THE ARGUMENT WHAT WOULD YOU SAY?

>> I WANT TO PUT ASIDE THE QUESTION ABOUT RACE AND PEOPLE FEELING BAD TO GO TO THE POINT IN THE ORDER THAT YOU READ THAT HAS TO DO WITH THE REVISION OF HISTORY OR REWRITING HISTORY.

THIS ORDER TALKS ABOUT REVISIONIST HISTORY AS IF THESE ARE BAD THINGS.

ACTUALLY, HISTORY IS REVISION.

IT IS A PROCESS AT ALL THE EVIDENCE THAT WE CAN TO HELP US TO CONSTRUCT A MODEL OF THE PAST, ASKING TOUGH QUESTIONS ABOUT THE EVIDENCE, WEIGHING EVIDENCE AGAINST ITSELF AND OTHER INFORMATION WE CAN BRING IN.

ANALYZING EVIDENCE AND INTERPRETING IT, PUTTING IT FORWARD, HAVING IT BE READ AND ASSESSED AND CRITICIZED BY HER PEERS, BEING SENT BACK TO US.

WE LOOK TO CORRECT OUR MISTAKES IF POSSIBLE.

WE REFINE IT AND REVISE IT AND GO THROUGH THE PROCESS AGAIN AND AGAIN.

HISTORY DOES NOT TO STAND STILL.

IT IS NOT SOME KIND OF SOLIDIFIED, OSSIFIED THING THAT ONCE YOU'VE GOT IT IT'S JUST THERE AND THERE ARE NO CHANGES.

WE WANT HISTORY TO CHANGE PICKETT IS A PROCESS OF RESEARCH, OF INVESTIGATION, OF DIALOGUE, OF ENGAGEMENT THAT HELPS US TO MOVE CLOSER AND CLOSER TO A FULL AND CLEAR UNDERSTANDING OF THE PAST.

SO I WOULD SAY, YES LET'S EMBRACE REVISION.

REVISE THINGS TO SEE AGAIN.

WE NEED TO SEE THE PAST AGAIN.

WE NEED TO SEE OURSELVES AGAIN IF WE WANT TO SEE CLEARLY IN A FULL WAY.

>> NOW TO THE QUESTION OF FEELINGS.

THE OTHER ARGUMENT SEEMS TO BE THAT THESE NEW LEARNINGS MAKE PEOPLE FEEL BAD, ESPECIALLY CERTAIN PEOPLE AND THAT IS BAD.

THE ARGUMENT IS THAT IT RAN THAT THE SOCIAL FABRIC.

WHAT IS YOUR TAKE ON THAT?

>> I WOULD SAY THE SENTIMENTAL VALUE THAT I WOULD LIKE TO UPLIFT THAT THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION ALSO HIGHLIGHTS IS THE VALUE OF KNOWLEDGE.

THE PRODUCTION AND THE SHARING OF KNOWLEDGE.

SOMETIMES KNOWLEDGE CAN PRODUCE NEGATIVE FEELINGS.

SOMETIMES WE CAN FEEL SAD WHEN WE LEARN.

THAT'S WHAT IT MEANS TO BE A HUMAN BEING WITH COMPLEX EMOTIONS.

WE CAN'T JUST SIMPLIFY THE EXISTENCE OF THINGS IN THE WORLD SO WE CAN FEEL HAPPY ABOUT THEM.

WE ARE THINKING ADULTS THAT HAVE THE RESPONSIBILITY, THE DUTY TO TRY TO SHAPE AND SUPPORT A COMPLEX SOCIETY AND A DIVERSE AND VERY COMPLICATED WORLD.

WITH REGARD TO FEELINGS, THE EXECUTIVE ORDER MENTIONS A CONCERN ABOUT PEOPLE FEELING SHAME.

I WILL SAY FIRST OF ALL, POINTING TO SHAME IS AN INTERESTING CHOICE.

THERE ARE MANY DIFFERENT EMOTIONAL RESPONSES A PERSON CAN HAVE BEEN LEARNING ABOUT THE PAST.

WHY WOULD SHAME BE THE ONE THAT THE PRESIDENT IS HIGHLIGHTING?

I HAVE PRESENTED MY WORK ON THE HISTORY OF SLAVERY AND ABOLITION IN FRONT OF MANY AUDIENCES AND OFTEN TIMES THEY FEEL A SENSE OF PRIDE.

THEY FEEL PROUD TO KNOW THAT THEY ARE INDIVIDUALS IN THE HISTORY OF THIS COMPANY -- COUNTRY THAT HAVE IDENTIFIED INJUSTICES AND FOUGHT AGAINST THEM.

SHAME DOES NOT HAVE TO BE A DEFAULT RESPONSE.

>> THE ARGUMENT IS THAT BECAUSE FEDERAL FUNDING IS PART OF THIS IT SHOULD SERVE A PATRIOTIC PURPOSE.

A SORT OF UNIFYING PURPOSE TO GIVE PEOPLE A SENSE OF PRIDE IN THE COUNTRY.

WHAT IS YOUR RESPONSE TO THAT?

>> IT IS POSSIBLE FOR MUSEUMS TO TELL STORIES THAT CAN ENCOURAGE PATRIOTISM OR A LOVE OF COUNTRY AND AT THE SAME TIME TELL STORIES THAT ARE COMPLEX.

LOVE IS NOT A SIMPLE THING.

THERE ARE PEOPLE IN MY FAMILY THAT I FEEL DEEP AND GREAT AND ABIDING LOVE FOR BUT AROUND THE THANKSGIVING TABLE WE WILL HAVE SOME DISAGREEMENTS WE NEED TO WORK OUT.

THAT IS JUST THE REALITY OF WHAT IT MEANS TO BE A HUMAN BEING AND LIVE IN SOCIETY.

I REJECT THE NOTION THAT A PATRIOTIC MUSEUM OR EXHIBITION HAS TO ONLY TELL STORIES IN A WAY THAT EMPHASIZES HEARTS AND FLOWERS AND BOXES OF BONBONS.

THAT IS NOT WHAT IT MEANS FOR A HUMAN BEING TO LIVE IN A COMMUNITY OR BE AN AMERICAN.

>> ARE YOU WORRIED?

>> I AM WORRIED.

I'M WORRIED FOR THE SMITHSONIAN, FOR OUR NATIONAL PARKS, I WORRY FOR OUR UNIVERSITIES.

PRESIDENT WHO SEEMS WILLING TO JUST CRASH THROUGH BOUNDARIES AND EXISTING PRACTICES AND EVEN THE LAW TO EXPRESS HIS DESIRES AND TRY TO ENFORCE HIS WILL.

THIS IS NOT THE COUNTRY I WAS BORN INTO.

IT'S NOT THE COUNTRY I WANT MY GRANDCHILDREN TO BE BORN INTO AND I THINK WE ALL NEED TO EXPRESS A SENSE OF CARE AND CONCERN FOR OUR CULTURAL TREASURES AND THE FUTURE DIRECTION OF OUR COUNTRY.

I WORRY THAT THE PRESIDENT FEELS LIKE THE MUSEUMS ARE HIS PERSONAL PLAYGROUNDS.

THEY ARE NOT.

THEY BELONGED TO ALL OF US.

WE HAVE TO DEFEND THEM.

>> WHAT WOULD YOU SAY TO PEOPLE TOO MANY OF THE OFFERINGS OF THESE INSTITUTIONS AND THE CURRENT MOMENT AS THEY UNDERSTAND IT CREATE FEELINGS OF DIVISION, PERHAPS FEELINGS OF SHAME AND ARE NOT SUPPORTIVE OF THE SOCIAL FABRIC OR OUR SHARED EXPERIENCE AS A COUNTRY?

>> I WOULD SAY TO ANYONE WHO FEELS LIKE THEY ARE BEING LEFT OUT OF THE AMERICAN NARRATIVE THAT I KNOW THIS IS PAINFUL.

I AM PART OF A COMMUNITY THAT HAS FELT LEFT OUT OF THE AMERICAN NARRATIVE FOR DECADES AND EVEN CENTURIES.

IT HAS ONLY BEEN IN MY LIFETIME THAT THERE HAS BEEN MORE OF A FOCUS ON BLACK HISTORY OR WOMEN'S HISTORY OR ANY OTHER PARTICULAR HISTORY OF CERTAIN GROUPS.

I WANT TO ACKNOWLEDGE THAT IT DOES NOT FEEL GOOD.

WE NEED REPRESENTATION FOR EVERYONE.

SMITHSONIAN SOME DIFFERENT KINDS OF EXPEDITIONS -- EXHIBITIONS AND NARRATIVES.

THAT IS A DIFFERENT THING THAN ONE MAN AT THE TOP OF THE COUNTRY LOOKING DOWN AND DICTATING WHAT IS TO TAKE PLACE INSIDE OF MUSEUMS IN WHICH HE REALLY DOES NOT HAVE AUTHORITY OVER.

THE SMITHSONIAN IS RUN BY A BOARD.

IT NEEDS TO ANSWER TO CONGRESS AND PEOPLE WOULD LIKE TO SEE THEIR COMMUNITY STORIES REPRESENTED DIFFERENTLY CAN CERTAINLY REACH OUT AND GIVE FEEDBACK.

THEY ARE ALWAYS LOOKING FOR FEEDBACK.

ANTICIPATE TOGETHER AS A COLLECTIVE TO MAKE THESE NARRATIVES, TO MAKE THESE STORIES MORE REPRESENTATIVE OF ALL OF THE AMERICAN PEOPLE.

>> PROFESSOR TIYA MILES, YOU FOR JOINING US.

>> THANK YOU.

>> FINALLY TONIGHT WE CANNOT AND MUST NOT AIRBRUSH HISTORY SO WE WANT TO REMEMBER ONE OF THE LAST SURVIVING WORLD WAR II CODEBREAKERS.

CHARLOTTE WEBB BETTER KNOWN AS BETTY DIED THIS WEEK AT THE AGE OF 101.

SHE WAS ONE OF SO MANY WOMEN THAT WERE PART OF THE BRITISH WAR EFFORT IT IN THEIR OWN MERIT.

AT JUST 18 YEARS OLD SHE HELPED CRACK ENCRYPTED GERMAN MESSAGES.

AND ONE TRIBUTE THE WOMEN'S ROYAL ARMY ASSOCIATION CALLED HER AN INSPIRATION AND CHAMPION OF FEMALE VETERANS.

THAT IS IT FOR NOW.

THANK YOU FOR WATCHING AND GOODBYE FROM LONDON.