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AMNA: I’M AMNA NAWAZ.

ON THE NEXT "NEWSHOUR."

MASSIVE YOUTH-LED PROTESTS CHALLENGING INDIA’S PRIME MINISTER FACE VIOLENT CRACKDOWNS.

THAT’S MONDAY ON THE PBS "NEWSHOUR."

AMNA: I’M AMNA NAWAZ.

TONIGHT ON THE "NEWSHOUR."

THE TRUMP ADMINISTRATION TRIES TO SIDESTEP A SUPREME COURT DECISION WITH NEW TARIFFS ON MAJOR TRADING PARTNERS.

COMING UP AT 7:00, AFTER EVENING EDITION ON KPBS.

♪ AMNA: GOOD EVENING.

I’M AMNA NAWAZ.

GEOFF BENNETT IS AWAY.

ON THE "NEWSHOUR" TONIGHT.

THE TRUMP ADMINISTRATION ONCE AGAIN LEVIES TARIFFS ON MANY OF THE UNITED STATES’ TRADING PARTNERS, THIS TIME CLAIMING IT’S TRYING TO COMBAT FORCED LABOR.

>> WHAT IS GOING ON HERE IS FRANKLY A VERY OBVIOUS SEARCH FOR ANY PRETEXT POSSIBLE TO IMPOSE TARIFFS ON THE WORLD.

AMNA: ONE MONTH AFTER EARTHQUAKES HIT VENEZUELA, A LOOK AT THE SHIFT FROM EMERGENCY RESPONSE TO LONG-TERM RECOVERY.

AND, UKRAINE REINVENTS THE WAR SUPPLY CHAIN BY DIRECTLY LINKING FRONTLINE SOLDIERS WITH MANUFACTURERS, INCLUDING VOLUNTEERS MAKING WEAPONS WITH 3D PRINTERS.

>> A LOT OF THESE ITEMS LOOK LIKE TOYS BUT THEY ARE ACTUALLY VERY DANGEROUS WEAPONS.

THEY SAY NECESSITY IS THE MOTHER OF INVENTION.

AND DURING THIS WAR WITH RUSSIA, UKRAINE HAS BEEN INCREDIBLY INVENTIVE.

♪ >> MAJOR FUNDING FOR THE PBS "NEWSHOUR" HAS BEEN PROVIDED BY.

THE WILLIAM AND FLORA WHO THE.

FOR MORE THAN 50 YEARS ADVANCING IDEAS AND SUPPORTING INSTITUTIONS TO SUPPORT A BETTER WORLD.

FRIENDS OF THE "NEWSHOUR," INCLUDING JIM AND NANCY BILDNER AND THE ROBERT AND SCHALLER FOUNDATION.

THE JUDY AND PETER BLUM KOVLER FOUNDATION.

UPHOLDING FREEDOM BY STRENGTHENING DEMOCRACIES AT HOME AND ABROAD.

♪ AND WITH THE ONGOING SUPPORT OF THESE INDIVIDUALS AND INSTITUTIONS.

♪ AND FRIENDS OF THE "NEWSHOUR."

♪ THIS PROGRAM WAS MADE POSSIBLE BY THE CONTRIBUTIONS TO YOUR PBS STATION FROM VIEWERS LIKE YOU.

THANK YOU.

♪ AMNA: WELCOME TO THE "NEWSHOUR."

THE LATEST SET OF TARIFFS FROM PRESIDENT TRUMP TOOK EFFECT TODAY FOR MORE THAN EIGHTY COUNTRIES, COVERING VIRTUALLY ALL U.S.

IMPORTS.

THE LEVIES RANGE FROM 10% TO 12.5%, AND REPLACE ANOTHER SET OF TEMPORARY TARIFFS THE PRESIDENT PUT IN PLACE AFTER HE LEFT A SUPREME COURT RULING EARLIER THIS YEAR.

TODAY IN THE OVAL OFFICE HE DEFENDED THE MOVE.

PRES.

TRUMP: WE’VE PUT THE TARIFFS ON, THEY’VE VERY STANDARD TARIFFS.

THE OTHER WAY WAS EASIER.

I THOUGHT THE DECISION BY THE SUPREME COURT WAS NOT A GOOD ONE.

BUT WE HAVE MANY FORMS OF TARIFFS.

AMNA: LIZ LANDERS LOOKS AT THE LATEST TURN OF EVENTS.

LIZ: THE ADMINISTRATION SAYS THESE NEW TARIFFS TARGET COUNTRIES THAT IMPORT GOODS USING FORCED LABOR.

THAT CHARACTERIZATION DREW OBJECTIONS WITH SEVERAL ALLIES OF TRADING PARTNERS WHO CALLED IT UNJUSTIFIED.

THE PRESIDENT ANNOUNCED 50% TARIFFS ON A SLEW OF CANADIAN PRODUCTS.

WE ARE JOINED BY THE FORMER DEPUTY PRIME MINISTER AND FINANCE MINISTER OF CANADA, SERVING UNDER JUSTIN TRUDEAU AND MARK CARNEY.

WE WILL GET TO THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN YOUR COUNTRY AND THE U.S.

AND A SECOND BUT I WANT TO GET YOUR INITIAL REACTION TO THIS NEW ROUND OF TARIFFS AND THE ADMINISTRATION’S JUSTIFICATION FOR THEM.

>> THIS, FOR ME, LIZ, I HAVE TO SAY, IS A SAD MOMENT.

IT IS A SAD MOMENT IN HISTORY, IT IS A SAD MOMENT WITH THE CLOSEST ALLIES.

WHAT WE ARE SEEING IS THE UNITED STATES BEATING UP MORE FIERCELY ON ITS ALLIES.

ON HIS CLOSE FRIENDS.

THAT IT IS ON THE COUNTRIES TO WHICH IT IS ANTAGONISTIC.

IT MAY FEEL GOOD FOR SOME PEOPLE IN THE SHORT-TERM.

BUT I HOPE THAT AMERICANS WILL RECOGNIZE THAT YOUR COUNTRY WILL BE WEAKER IN THE MEDIUM AND LONG TERM IF YOUR COUNTRY CONTINUES TO TREAT COUNTRIES THAT HAVE BEEN YOUR ALLIES OVER DECADES SO TERRIBLY.

THAT IS WHAT I THINK IS HAPPENING.

LIZ: U.S.

TRADE REPRESENTATIVE JAMIESON GREER TOLD CONGRESS OF THESE TARIFFS THE SPECIFIC AUTHORITIES OF THIS ADMINISTRATION IS USING HAVE CHANGED BUT THE TRADE STRATEGY HAS NOT.

WHAT HAS BEEN THE IMPACT OF THIS TRADE STRATEGY AND WHAT YOU EXPECT WILL BE THE IMPACT OF THESE TARIFFS GOING FORWARD?

>> SO, ECONOMICALLY, THE TRADE STRATEGY IS MAKING EVERYBODY POORER.

TRADE ACTUALLY WORKS.

IT MAKES US RICHER.

THAT IS WHY WE DO IT.

IT ALSO IS A TAX ON AMERICAN CONSUMERS.

IT IS ONE OF THE THINGS DRIVING INFLATION.

INFLATION IS STILL HIGH IN THE UNITED STATES.

THESE POLICIES ARE KEEPING IT THERE.

THE OTHER THING THAT IS REALLY IMPORTANT TO BEAR IN MIND WHEN LOOKING AT THESE TARIFFS IS THIS IS NOT WHAT PRESIDENT TRUMP CAMPAIGNED ON.

IT IS NOT WHAT HE CAMPAIGNED ON IN 2016, IT IS NOT WHAT HE CAMPAIGNED ON IN 2024.

WHAT IS GOING ON HERE IS, FRANKLY, A VERY OBVIOUS SEARCH FOR ANY PRETEXT POSSIBLE TO IMPOSE TARIFFS ON THE WORLD AND TO IMPOSE TARIFFS WITH PARTICULAR VIGOR, PARADOXICALLY, AGAINST AMERICA’S ALLIES.

I THINK OF THIS ADMINISTRATION WANTED TO BE SERIOUS ABOUT SAYING, WE ARE REALLY WORRIED ABOUT FORCED LABOR, WE ARE REALLY WORRIED ABOUT THE ROLE OF CHINA IS PLAYING IN THE WORLD, AND HOW CHINA IS TREATING ITS OWN PEOPLE, AND THE IMPACT THAT IS HAVING ON THE GLOBAL ECONOMY, I THINK IF THE U.S.

WANTED TO LEAD A COALITION DOING THAT, IT COULD BE VERY SUCCESSFUL.

THAT IS NOT WHAT IS HAPPENING RIGHT NOW.

LIZ: AS WE WERE TALKING, THE PRESIDENT ANNOUNCED 50% TARIFFS ON A WIDE ARRAY OF CANADIAN GOODS.

HE SAID IT IS BECAUSE OF CANADA’S DISCRIMINATORY TREATMENT OF AMERICAN PRODUCTS.

WHAT IS YOUR RESPONSE TO THE IDEA OR THE ALLEGATION CANADA IS ENGAGING IN UNFAIR TRADE PRACTICES?

HOW SIGNIFICANT IS THE STANDOFF BETWEEN THESE TWO ALLIES?

>> THE U.S.

ACTION IS A SIGNIFICANT.

IT COVERS AROUND $20 BILLION WORTH OF TRADE.

IT IS A BIG REACH.

IT COMES AFTER A SERIES OF U.S.

ACTIONS SINCE THE REELECTION OF PRESIDENT TRUMP THAT HAVE BEEN DESIGNED TO HURT CANADA.

TARIFFS WERE IMPOSED ON CANADIAN STEEL, ALUMINUM, CARS AND CARPORTS.

THESE COME ON TOP OF THOSE.

LIZ: YOU WERE CANADA’S LEAD NEGOTIATOR DURING TRUMP’S FIRST PRESIDENCY WHEN THE U.S., CANADA AND MEXICO WERE NEGOTIATING A TRADE DEAL.

WHAT DID YOU LEARN FROM THAT EXPERIENCE?

>> I LEARNED AT THE END OF THE DAY, YOU CAN GET A WIN-WIN OUTCOME, EVEN WITH THE TRUMP ADMINISTRATION.

THE REASON THAT WAS POSSIBLE WAS THE RELATIONSHIP, INCLUDING THE ECONOMIC RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CANADA AND THE UNITED STATES, IS A REALLY GOOD ONE, IS MUTUALLY BENEFICIAL.

AT THE END OF THE DAY THAT RECOGNITION PREVAILS, TWO THINGS REALLY HELPED.

ONE WAS WE TOOK THE CASE OUTSIDE OF THE WHITE HOUSE.

WE HAD HUGE NUMBERS OF AMERICANS , WHETHER CONGRESSMEN AND SENATORS AND GOVERNORS, TO JUST REGULAR PEOPLE WHOSE JOBS IN THESE COMPANIES DEPENDED ON TRADE WITH CANADA SPEAKING OUT AND SAYING, WHY ARE WE BREAKING UP A GOOD THING?

THAT WAS IMPORTANT.

THE OTHER THING THAT WAS IMPORTANT IS I REALLY THINK WITH PRESIDENT TRUMP, THE ONLY THING HE UNDERSTANDS IS STRENGTH.

IT IS A REALLY HARD THING FOR A COUNTRY TO CHOOSE TO RETALIATE WITH TARIFFS.

IT IS DIFFICULT.

IT IS PAINFUL.

IN SOME WAYS IT IS A DUMB THING TO DO BECAUSE IT MAKES YOUR OWN COUNTRY POORER.

THE ONLY WAY TO GET A GOOD DEAL WITH PRESIDENT TRUMP IS IF HE HITS YOU, YOUR COUNTRY HAS TO BE PREPARED TO RETALIATE.

CHINA HAS MANAGED TO GET A STRONG RELATIONSHIP WITH THE PRESIDENT AND I THINK THEY HAVE DONE THAT BY BEING STRONG.

THAT IS WHAT AMERICA’S ALLIES NEED TO DO, TOO.

LIZ: WHAT DO YOU THINK IF THE FUTURE OF FREE TRADE IN NORTH AMERICA?

>> I HOPE THAT WE CONTINUE TO HAVE A STRONG TRADE DEAL ON OUR CONFIDENT BETWEEN CANADA AND THE UNITED STATES.

IF THE UNITED STATES CHOOSES NOT TO HAVE THAT KIND OF A RELATIONSHIP, CANADA WILL SURVIVE.

BUT IT WILL MAKE ALL OF US POOR.

AND REGULAR AMERICANS WILL FACE HIGHER PRICES, THEY WILL FACE INFLATION, THEY WILL BE A LITTLE BIT LESS WELL-OFF, AND REALLY FOR NO REASON.

LOOK, CANADA IS AMAZING, WE ARE A GREAT COUNTRY.

I DO NOT THINK AMERICANS SEE US AS A NATIONAL SECURITY THREAT AND THAT IS THE JUSTIFICATION FOR SOME OF THESE TARIFFS.

LIZ: THANK YOU FOR JOINING THE "NEWSHOUR."

AMNA: AND A NOTE THAT WE DID INVITE THE U.S.

TRADE REPRESENTATIVE JAMIESON GREER TO JOIN US ON THE "NEWSHOUR" THIS WEEK.

THE ADMINISTRATION DECLINED.

♪ AMNA: WE START THE DAY’S OTHER HEADLINES WITH TWO HEALTH UPDATES FROM THE CDC.

THE AGENCY SAYS THE U.S.

HAS NOW SEEN MORE CASES OF MEASLES SO FAR THIS YEAR THAN IN ALL OF 2025.

MORE THAN 2300 INFECTIONS HAVE BEEN REPORTED NATIONWIDE, MAKING THIS THE WORST YEAR FOR THE DISEASE SINCE 1991.

OUTBREAKS IN SOUTH CAROLINA, UTAH AND ARIZONA HAVE SICKENED HUNDREDS OF PEOPLE, MOST OF THEM UNVACCINATED.

THE SPIKE COMES AS HEALTH SECRETARY ROBERT F. KENNEDY JR.

HAS DOWNPLAYED THE RISK OF MEASLES, AND RAISED QUESTIONS ABOUT THE BENEFITS OF VACCINES.

THE CDC ALSO SAYS A MASSIVE CYCLOSPORIASIS OUTBREAK LINKED TO ICEBERG LETTUCE FROM MEXICO HAS NOW EXPANDED TO FOUR ADDITIONAL STATES, BRINGING THE TOTAL TO NINE.

OFFICIALS SAY CASES OF THE SEVERE STOMACH ILLNESS ARE NOW IN ILLINOIS, KANSAS, OKLAHOMA, AND PENNSYLVANIA.

THAT’S IN ADDITION TO INDIANA, KENTUCKY, MICHIGAN, OHIO AND WEST VIRGINIA.

THE CDC HAS NOW CONFIRMED NEARLY 2000 CASES ACROSS THOSE NINE STATES, AND AT LEAST 98 HOSPITALIZATIONS.

THOUGH THE NUMBER OF SUSPECTED CASES NATIONWIDE IS MUCH HIGHER.

TURNING TO THE WAR WITH IRAN, PRESIDENT TRUMP PROVIDED FEW CLUES THIS AFTERNOON ON WHETHER HE WOULD ORDER A MAJOR ESCALATION OF ATTACKS.

SPEAKING IN THE OVAL OFFICE THIS AFTERNOON, TRUMP SAID THERE ARE "A LOT" OF POSSIBLE EXIT STRATEGIES FOR THE U.S.

AND HE REFUSED TO ANSWER A QUESTION ABOUT WHETHER ANY STRIKES ON CIVILIAN INFRASTRUCTUTE -- WHICH HE HAS THREATENED -- WOULD BE A WAR CRIME.

INSTEAD HE INSISTED THAT TALKS , ARE ONGOING, AND THAT THE U.S.

REMAINS READY TO CARRY ON WITH ITS ATTACKS.

PRES.

TRUMP: WE’RE LOCKED AND LOADED AND READY TO GO, BUT WE’RE TALKING TO THEM, SO I THINK WHILE WE’RE TALKING, WE’LL SEE WHAT COMES OF IT.

AMNA: MEANWHILE IRAN STRUCK U.S.

, MILITARY TARGETS IN THE REGION EARLIER TODAY, IN RESPONSE TO THE LATEST U.S.

STRIKES.

IRANIAN FOREIGN MINISTER ABBAS ARAGHCHI SAID THAT TEHRAN WILL NOT BOW TO U.S.

BULLYING, AND SAID THE U.S.

MUST CHANGE ITS APPROACH TOWARDS NEGOTIATIONS.

THE ISRAELI MILITARY IS DEPLOYING MORE TROOPS TO THE OCCUPIED WEST BANK, AFTER ONE OF THE DEADLIEST SHOOTINGS THERE IN MONTHS.

PALESTINIAN HEALTH OFFICIALS SAY THE ISRAELI MILITARY SHOT AND KILLED FOUR PALESTINIANS IN THE VILLAGE OF TELL IN THE NORTHERN WEST BANK.

THE BODIES OF THOSE KILLED WERE TAKEN TO A NEARBY HOSPITAL.

FOUR OTHERS WERE WOUNDED, SOME OF THEM CRITICALLY.

[SINGING] AMNA: MEANTIME, ISRAELIS BURIED A 32-YEAR-OLD RESERVE SOLDIER WHO WAS KILLED IN THE SHOOTING, ONE OF AT LEAST TWO ISRAELI FATALITIES.

BOTH SIDES ARE OFFERING DIFFERENT ACCOUNTS OF WHAT LED TO THE SHOOTING.

IN UKRAINE, OFICIALS SAY AT LEAST 10 PEOPLE WERE KILLED BY A RUSSIAN BALLISTIC MISSILE STRIKE TODAY IN THE KYIV REGION, AND NEARLY 100 OTHERS INJURED.

THE ATTACK HAPPENED NEAR A DEFENSE INDUSTRY EVENT.

IT COMES A DAY AFTER PRESIDENT ZELENSKYY MET WITH THE AMERICAN DEFENSE MANUFACTURER RAYTHEON, WHICH MAKES THE PATRIOT AIR DEFENSE SYSTEMS THAT UKRAINE SAYS IT NEEDS.

MEANTIME IN ST.

PETERSBURG, PLUMES OF BLACK SMOKE STRETCHED INTO THE SKY AFTER THE LATEST UKRAINIAN DRONE ATTACK ON WAREHOUSES OWNED BY RUSSIA’S LARGEST ONLINE RETAILER, WILDBERRIES.

KYIV SAYS THE RETAILER SUPPLIES THE RUSSIAN MILITARY WHICH THE KREMLIN DENIES.

IN WESTERN EUROPE, RAGING FOREST FIRES ARE FORCING TENS OF THOUSANDS OF PEOPLE TO FLEE.

IN SOUTHWESTERN FRANCE, FIRES HAVE CONSUMED AROUND 50 SQUARE MILES NOT FAR FROM BORDEAUX SINCE WEDNESDAY.

SOME HOMES WERE REDUCED TO RUBBLE.

AUTHORITIES IN SPAIN HAVE DECLARED A NATIONAL EMERGENCY, AS FIRES BURN NEAR MADRID.

SHELTERS ARE FILLED WITH EVACUEES.

ONE SURVIVOR DESCRIBED HOW QUICKLY THE FLAMES CONSUMED HIS HOME.

>> I HAD TO RUN FROM MY HOUSE.

IT WAS A BALL OF FIRE AND, IF I’D BEEN FIVE MINUTES LATER, IT WOULD HAVE WIPED US OUT.

MY WIFE PUT HER FOOT DOWN AND THAT PROVED CRUCIAL.

AMNA: THE FIRES COME AS EUROPE HAS SUFFERED INTENSE HEATWAVES IN RECENT WEEKS.

BOTH FRANCE AND SPAIN ARE GETTING HELP FROM NEIGHBORING COUNTRIES TO COMBAT THE FLAMES.

MEMBER STATES OF THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT REPORTEDLY VOTED TODAY TO DISMISS THE TRIBUNAL’S CHIEF PROSECUTOR OVER ALLEGATIONS OF SEXUAL MISCONDUCT.

BRITISH BARRISTER KARIM KHAN WAS FIRST ACCUSED OF MISCONDUCT RELATED TO A FEMALE AIDE NEARLY TWO YEARS AGO.

HE DENIES ANY WRONGDOING.

IT’S THE FIRST TIME AN ICC CHIEF PROSECUTOR HAS BEEN REMOVED FROM OFFICE, AND IT COMES AS THE TRUMP ADMINISTRATION HAS LAUNCHED RENEWED EFFORTS TO DISMANTLE THE BODY, SAYING THE COURT IS A THREAT TO AMERICA’S SOVEREIGNTY.

IN GEORGIA, A TEENAGER PLEADED GUILTY TODAY TO ALL 55 COUNTS IN A SCHOOL SHOOTING THAT KILLED FOUR PEOPLE AND INJURED SEVERAL OTHERS.

16-YEAR-OLD COLT GRAY, WHO WAS CHARGED AS AN ADULT, ENTERED THE PLEA AFTER PREVIOUSLY PLEADING NOT GUILTY.

HE WAS 14 AT THE TIME OF THE SHOOTING AT APALACHEE HIGH SCHOOL IN 2024, ABOUT 45 MILES NORTHEAST OF ATLANTA.

GRAY FACES A MINIMUM SENTENCE OF LIFE IN PRISON, THOUGH THE JUDGE CAN DECIDE WHETHER HE SHOULD BE ELIGIBLE FOR PAROLE.

IN MARCH, GRAY’S FATHER WAS FOUND GUILTY OF SECOND-DEGREE MURDER, AMONG OTHER CHARGES, FOR GIVING HIS SON THE GUN THAT WAS USED IN THE SHOOTING.

ON WALL STREET TODAY, STOCKS ENDED MIXED, EVEN AS OIL PRICES COOLED FOR THE FIRST TIME IN A WEEK.

THE DOW JONES INDUSTRIAL AVERAGE ADDED MORE THAN 230 POINTS.

THE NASDAQ SLIPPED AROUND 160 POINTS, OR MORE THAN .5%.

THE S&P 500 ENDED THE DAY NEARLY FLAT.

AND, LEBRON JAMES IS HEADING TO THE PHILADELPHIA 76ERS FOR HIS RECORD 24TH SEASON.

THE NBA’S ALL-TIME LEADING SCORER MADE THE ANNOUNCEMENT ON SOCIAL MEDIA, WRITING: "THIS IS MY LAST DECISION.

I’M NOT GOING FOR MONEY.

I’M NOT GOING FOR FAMILY.

... I STILL WANT TO COMPETE, TO WIN AND TO HAVE A CHANCE AT THE FEELING OF WINNING ANOTHER CHAMPIONSHIP."

TERMS HAVE NOT BEEN MADE PUBLIC, BUT ESPN IS REPORTING THAT HE’S SET TO SIGN A TWO-YEAR, $8 MILLION DEAL.

SIXER FANS ARE REJOICING, INCLUDING PENNSYLVANIA GOVERNOR JOSH SHAPIRO, WHO PROCLAIMED TODAY "LEBRON JAMES DAY" IN THE COMMONWEALTH.

STILL TO COME ON THE "NEWSHOUR."

DAVID BROOKS AND RUTH MARCUS WEIGH IN ON THE WEEK’S POLITICAL HEADLINES.

OCULAR PROSTHETICS AS ART AND A MEANS OF SELF-EXPRESSION.

AND A LOOK AT THE FUTURE OF THE NATIONAL PARKS IN JUDY WOODRUFF’S LATEST PODCAST.

♪ >> THIS IS THE PBS "NEWSHOUR" FROM THE DAVID M RUBENSTEIN STUDIO AT WETA IN WASHINGTON, HEADQUARTERS OF PBS NEWS.

AMNA: TODAY MARKS ONE MONTH SINCE POWERFUL EARTHQUAKES DEVASTATED PARTS OF VENEZUELA, TRIGGERING A HUMANITARIAN CRISIS THAT IS FAR FROM OVER.

DAMAGE TO SCHOOLS, HEALTH FACILITIES, AND WATER SYSTEMS HAS LEFT COMMUNITIES WITHOUT ESSENTIAL SERVICES, COMPLICATING AN ALREADY DIFFICULT RECOVERY.

JOINING ME NOW IS NATE MOOK, WHO LEADS THE AID ORGANIZATION "ALL HANDS & HEARTS."

HE JUST RETURNED FROM VENEZUELA.

THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR BEING HERE.

NATE: THANK YOU FOR HAVING ME.

AMNA: WHAT DOES IT FEEL LIKE, WHAT DOES IT LOOK LIKE ON THE GROUND IN VENEZUELA?

NATE: IT IS REALLY HARD TO DESCRIBE IN WORDS THE SCALE OF THE DEVASTATION.

IT IS SURREAL BECAUSE CARACAS, THE CAPITAL CITY HAS MOSTLY BEEN , SPARED BY THE EARTHQUAKES AND IS MOSTLY GETTING BACK TO NORMAL.

BUT AS YOU DRIVE NORTH TO THE SEASIDE, WHICH IS THE COMMUNITY OF LA GUAIRA, WHICH WAS HIT BY THE TWO EARTHQUAKES BACK TO BACK, IT JUST LOOKS ALMOST LIKE A WAR ZONE.

I’VE SPENT TIME IN GAZA, AND THAT’S KIND OF THE CLOSEST I CAN DESCRIBE IT, JUST BUILDINGS COMPLETELY BROUGHT DOWN TO THE GROUND.

AND I THINK WHAT IS SO TRAGIC IS NOW, A MONTH LATER, VENEZUELANS ARE STILL THERE, STANDING ON THESE BUILDINGS, DIGGING DOWN, TRYING TO FIND THEIR LOVED ONES.

AMNA: TELL ME ABOUT SOME OF THE PEOPLE YOU MET ON THE GROUND.

NATE: SO WE MET THIS AMAZING WOMAN NAMED LAURA, AND LAURA LOST HER BROTHER-IN-LAW AND SOME OTHER FAMILY MEMBERS THAT WERE IN ONE OF THE BUILDINGS THAT CAME DOWN.

IT HAPPENED SO QUICKLY.

JUST THE SCALE OF THESE MASSIVE TOWERS, BUILDING TOWERS BROUGHT DOWN TO THE GROUND IS REALLY HARD TO DESCRIBE.

SHE HAS BEEN THERE FROM THE START WITH FRIENDS AND OTHER PEOPLE WHO LIVED IN THE BUILDING , JUST DIGGING.

SHE HAS SHOVELS AND BUCKETS AND PEOPLE ARE DOING WHAT THEY CAN WITH SORT OF POWER TOOLS THAT YOU WOULD GET AT A HOME DEPOT, FOR EXAMPLE.

THEY HAVE SOME HEAVY EQUIPMENT IN VENEZUELA, BUT NOT TO THE SCALE THAT IS NEEDED.

FOR THE MOST PART, THEY ARE JUST ON THEIR HANDS AND KNEES KIND OF WORKING AND TRYING TO GET THROUGH.

THEY KNOW GENERALLY IN THE BUILDING WHERE THEIR FAMILY MEMBERS WERE, BUT ACCESSING THOSE AREAS AND GETTING TO THOSE BODIES NOW IS WHAT’S DIFFICULT.

AND LAURA TOLD US THAT, YOU KNOW, SHE CAN’T LEAVE BECAUSE THE NEED TO HAVE CLOSURE.

THE NEED TO GIVE THEIR FAMILY MEMBER A BURIAL.

AMNA: YOU HAVE BEEN IN A LOT OF DISASTER ZONES.

YOU HAVE SEEN A LOT OF RESPONSES.

WHAT DO YOU MAKE AND WHAT CAN YOU TELL US ABOUT THE VENEZUELAN GOVERNMENT RESPONSE, KNOWING THEY WERE ALREADY FACING ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL CRISES BEFORE THIS, AND ALSO THE U.S.

GOVERNMENT RESPONSE KNOWING ORGANIZATIONS LIKE USAID ARE NOT WHAT THEY ONCE WERE?

NATE: YEAH.

IT HAS REALLY BEEN INCREDIBLE.

I THINK YOU HAVE A FEW DIFFERENT PIECES.

YOU HAVE THE U.S.

GOVERNMENT, WHICH SURGED IN RESOURCES AND SUPPORT RIGHT AWAY.

THIS HAS BEEN ONE OF THE BIGGEST RESPONSES FROM THE STATE DEPARTMENT TO A DISASTER IN A VERY LONG TIME.

AND YOU HAVE MARINES ON THE GROUND RUNNING THE MAJOR AIRPORT THERE.

YOU HAVE A LOT OF CARGO FLIGHTS BRINGING AID IN.

THEY ARE ASSISTING AND THERE IS A LOT OF CIVIL PROTECTION OUT THERE HELPING DIG IN SOME CASES AND SUPPORT FAMILIES.

AND THEN YOU HAVE THE INTERNATIONAL NGO COMMUNITY THAT HAS ALSO SURGED IN SUPPORT, LIKE ALL HANDS AND HEARTS AND OUR LOCAL PARTNERS ON THE GROUND.

WE WERE ACTIVE FROM DAY ONE, JUST TRYING TO SURGE IN WHAT WE CAN, .

BUT THE SCALE OF THE DAMAGE AND HOW IT IS SO SPREAD OUT BECAUSE THE EARTHQUAKE -- IT IS NOT IN ONE SPOT, IT IS QUITE A WIDE AREA THAT IS AFFECTED.

AND SO YOU’LL SEE A HUGE AMOUNT OF ASSISTANCE IN CERTAIN AREAS.

IN OTHER AREAS THERE IS NOT MUCH HELP AT ALL.

WE HAVE A VENEZUELAN TEAM ON THE GROUND AND PARTNERS AND THEY ARE WORKING 24 HOURS A DAY.

ONE OF OUR PARTNERS, CLAUDIA, RUNS THE IMPACT HUB THERE.

THIS IS SORT OF AN ENTREPRENEURIAL CENTER.

IT IS LIKE A WEWORK.

YESTERDAY SHE WENT AND DELIVERED TOOLS TO FAMILY MEMBERS THAT ARE DIGGING.

AND SHE LITERALLY IS GOING TO HARDWARE STORES.

THERE IS SOMETHING TRULY AMAZING TO SEE OF THE VENEZUELAN PEOPLE KIND OF SURGING AND SUPPORT.

I THINK THE BIG QUESTION IS, WHERE DO WE GO FROM HERE?

AMNA: THAT IS THE BIG QUESTION.

YOUR ORGANIZATION HAS BEEN ON THE GROUND SINCE THE BEGINNING OF THIS.

AS YOU MENTIONED, OTHER ORGANIZATIONS ARE THERE.

YOU HAVE DELIVERED FOOD, CLEAN WATER, SHELTER, TOOLS, COMMUNICATIONS EQUIPMENT.

BUT THE U.N.

SAYS NEARLY PEOPLE 500,000 ARE STILL IN NEED OF HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE.

TENS OF THOUSANDS ARE IN TEMPORARY CAMPS.

WHAT’S THE MOST URGENT NEED RIGHT NOW?

NATE: SO WHAT WE’RE SEEING NOW IS THIS SORT OF SHIFT FROM THE RESCUE TO KIND OF STABILIZATION AND EVENTUAL RECOVERY.

THEY TURNED A BASEBALL FIELD INTO LITTLE SHELTERS WITH TARPS.

WE BROUGHT IN CLEAN WATER AND A STARLINK SO THEY HAVE INTERNET CONNECTIVITY.

THERE ARE ALSO PEOPLE LIVING ON THE STREETS.

IF THEIR HOME IS DAMAGED, OR MAYBE WASN’T FULLY DEMOLISHED, PEOPLE DO NOT WANT TO LEAVE.

THEIR WHOLE LIVES ARE THERE.

ALL OF THEIR STUFF IS IN THEIR HOUSE.

AND SO THEY’VE SORT OF SET UP CAMPS RIGHT OUTSIDE.

AND SO I THINK WHAT’S DIFFICULT IS THERE IS NOT A CENTRALIZED KIND OF SINGLE LOCATION TO SERVE THESE THOUSANDS AND THOUSANDS OF FAMILIES.

I TALKED TO A GENTLEMAN WHO WAS AT THE CAMPITO AND HE HAD SORT OF BUILT UP HIS LITTLE TENT STRUCTURE AND HE WAS BUILDING A GARDEN.

I ASKED HIM, YOU KNOW, HOW LONG ARE YOU GOING TO BE HERE?

AND HE SAID, YOU EXPECT TO BE HERE AT LEAST A YEAR, MAYBE LONGER, THEY DON’T KNOW WHERE THEY CAN GO FROM HERE.

HOW DO WE TRANSITION FROM THIS MOMENT OF DISPLACEMENT TO TRY TO GET PEOPLE INTO HOUSING AND WHAT CAN BE BUILT?

BUT THE SCALE OF THE DEBRIS REMOVAL AND THE CLEANUP THAT NEEDS TO HAPPEN THAT REALLY HASN’T EVEN BEGUN YET BECAUSE FAMILY MEMBERS, AS I SAID, ARE STILL SEARCHING THROUGH THE RUBBLE.

AMNA: CERTAINLY A VERY LONG RECOVERY AHEAD.

NATE MOOK, CAN’T THANK YOU ENOUGH FOR BEING HERE AND MAKING SURE WE DON’T LET THIS FADE FROM THE HEADLINES.

THANK YOU.

[7.7S] NATE: THANK YOU SO MUCH.

♪ AMNA: LAST WEEK, UKRAINIAN PRESIDENT VOLODYMYR ZELENSKY DISMISSED HIS TECH-SAVVY DEFENSE MINISTER.

THAT SPARKED PROTESTS AMONG SUPPORTERS WHO CREDIT HIM WITH HELPING TRANSFORM UKRAINE’S DEFENSE CAPABILITIES OVER THE PAST SIX MONTHS.

SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT SIMON OSTROVSKY AND PRODUCER KATIA PATIN REPORT ON THE REVOLUTIONARY TECHNOLOGIES AND POLICIES THAT HELPED DRIVE THAT TRANSFORMATION.

AND A WARNING THIS REPORT INCLUDES GRAPHIC DESCRIPTIONS OF WAR.

SIMON: VICTORY GARDENS, RATION BOOKS.

EVERY WAR HAS ITS HOMEFRONT.

IN UKRAINE, A SECRET GROUP OF VOLUNTEERS, INCLUDING THIS WOMAN WHO GOES FOR THE CALLSIGN LITTLE WHICH, ARE SUPPORTING THEIR TROOPS BY MAKING WEAPONS USING 3D PRINTERS.

LIKE SO MANY OTHERS IN THIS COUNTRY, SHE HAS TRANSFORMED HER SMALL APARTMENT INTO A HIGH TREK PRINTING ARMORY.

>> IT IS HOT AS HELL IN HERE.

SIMON: LITTLE WITCH IS ONE OF MORE THAN 3500 CIVILIANS VOLUNTEERING FOR THE PRINT ARMY.

THEIR NETWORK OF AT-HOME 3D PRINTERS IS REVOLUTIONIZING MODERN WARFARE.

PEOPLE LIKE HER ARE ABLE TO CONNECT DIRECTLY TO SOLDIERS ON THE FRONT LINE THROUGH ONLINE MARKETPLACE, WHERE TROOPS CAN BROWSE PRODUCTS, PLACE ORDERS AND LEAVE REVIEWS.

EVERYTHING IS FREE, FUNDED ENTIRELY THROUGH VOLUNTARY DONATIONS.

>> WE PRINT IT AT HOME.

YESTERDAY, YOU SEND IT TO US.

TODAY THE ITEM IS USED.

SIMON: SHE TOLD US EACH PRINTER COSTS AROUND $1000 AND USES SPOOLS OF PLASTIC THREAD TO USE GEAR LIKE GUN MAGAZINES, OR BODIES FOR HANDHELD DRONE DETECTORS.

THIS IS THE CASING THAT THEY PRODUCE HERE RIGHT AT HOME.

OBVIOUSLY, THIS DOES NOT HAVE ALL THE INSIDES IT NEEDS TO FLY BUT IS A CRITICAL PART OF THE INTERCEPTOR DRONE.

DRONES LIKE THESE ARE USED TO SHOOT DOWN WHAT RUSSIA FIRES THAT UKRAINE ROUTINELY.

WHAT MADE YOU GET INVOLVED IN THE FIRST PLACE?

>> TO SURVIVE.

WE WANT UKRAINE TO BE FREE AND WE WANT RUSSIA TO LEAVE US ALONE FOREVER.

SIMON: FOUR YEARS INTO A WAR AGAINST A COUNTRY WITH AN ECONOMY 10 TIMES ITS SIZE, UKRAINE IS FIGHTING BACK WITH INGENUITY INSTEAD OF SCALE.

ON ANOTHER PLATFORM, SOLDIERS EARN POINTS FOR CONFIRMED KILLS.

THEY CAN REDEEM THEM FOR WEAPONS.

A GAME OF THE OF WAR DESIGNED TO KEEP THEM MOTIVATED.

ONE OF THE EMPLOYEES WHOSE JOB IT IS TO VERIFY KILLS IN ORDER TO CORRECTLY AWARD THOSE POINTS.

DO YOU FIND IT IS EFFECTIVE MOTIVATION?

WHY ARE SOLDIERS SO INTERESTED IN COLLECTING THESE POINTS?

>> FIRST OF ALL, YOU HAVE SOME KIND OF CASHBACK.

YOU USE DRONES.

AND THEN YOU GET DRONES FROM THE MARKETPLACE.

YOU USE IT AGAIN AND AGAIN AND AGAIN.

SIMON: HE TOLD US HE IS ABLE TO CONFIRM THE ACCURACY AND POINT VALUE OF EVERY KILL BECAUSE ON THE WAR’S TECH DOMINATED FRONTLINE EVERY MISSION IS SUPPORTED BY DRONE AND BY SOLDIERS’ HEAD CAM.

HE SAID HE WATCHES HUNDREDS OF VIDEOS EVERY DAY.

WHAT IS THE MOST DIFFICULT VIDEO YOU HAVE EVER HAD TO REVIEW?

>> I REMEMBER THIS GUY’S FACE.

THEY HIT HIM WITH A GRENADE.

HE WAS WOUNDED.

HIS GUTS WENT OUT.

THE THIRD HIT WAS WITH A M67 GRENADE THAT LANDED IN HIS GUTS, AND HIS STOMACH.

YOU CAN IMAGINE THE RESULTS.

SIMON: REMARKABLY THE PRINT ARMY’S PRODUCTS TO DELIVER TO SOLDIERS DIRECTLY ON THE FRONT LINE.

REACHING POSITIONS AT AMAZON PRIME SPEED.

"NEWSHOUR" FOLLOWED ONE DELIVERY TO A SOLDIER SERVING IN AN UNDISCLOSED LOCATION IN UKRAINE.

>> TO MAKE THIS WORK WHEN IT IS DROPPED FROM A DRONE, WE USE A FIRING PIN.

SIMON: THIS UKRAINIAN SOLDIER SHOWED US HOW 3D PRINTING ITEMS ARE USED TO ADAPT CONVENTIONAL WEAPONS FOR MODERN DRONE WARFARE .

>> A LOT OF THESE ITEMS LOOK LIKE TOYS BUT THEY ARE VERY DANGEROUS WEAPONS.

THEY SAY NECESSITY IS THE MOTHER OF INVENTION.

DURING THIS WAR WITH RUSSIA, UKRAINE HAS BEEN INCREDIBLY INVENTIVE.

THE ARMY OF VOLUNTEERED 3D PRINTERS IS ONE OF THE WAYS UKRAINE HAS ADAPTED TO FIGHT A MUCH LARGER ENEMY.

THE PRINT ARMY SAID ITS VOLUNTEERS SHIPPED MORE THAN 527 TONS OF PRINTED PRODUCTS LIKE THIS LAST YEAR ALONE.

SHE WAS PREPARING TO ENLIST IN THE UKRAINIAN ARMY BEFORE SHE JOINED THE GOVERNMENT-BACKED PLATFORM, DEDICATING HER DIGITAL MARKETING EXPERIENCE TO REINVENTING THE SUPPLY CHAIN OF WORK.

IS IT FAIR TO CHARACTERIZE THE BRAVE 1 MARKETPLACE AS SOMETHING LIKE AN AMAZON FOR WAR?

>> IT IS MUCH MORE THAN AMAZON.

WE NOT ONLY OFFER THEM -- WE HELP THEM TO SEE HOW EFFECTIVE THEIR PRODUCT IS ON THE FRONT LINE AND HOW THEY CAN IMPROVE IT.

SIMON: WHILE THE PRINT ARMY BRINGS MANUFACTURING INTO THE HOME, BRAVE 1 BRINGS THE BATTLEFIELD TO THE MANUFACTURE.

PRODUCTS PURCHASED ON BRAVE 1 ARE TRACKED AND ANALYZED, BRINGING DATA FOR WEAPONS MAKERS WERE ABLE TO SEE WHICH WEAPONS ARE MAKING THE BIGGEST DIFFERENCE IN THE WAR.

BRAVE 1 IS NOT JUST A MARKETPLACE A RUN AMAZON FOR SOLDIERS TO GET EQUIPMENT THEY WANT.

IT IS ALSO A VENTURE CAPITAL TECHNOLOGIES ARE PUT FORWARD AN PROMISING ONES ATTRACT FUNDING FROM THE GOVERNMENT AND PRIVATE INVESTORS.

IT IS THANKS TO THE PLATFORM THAT MANY OF THE WEAPONS IN THIS ROOM GOT DEVELOPED IN THE FIRST PLACE.

BRAVE 1 IS REIMAGINING THE ENTIRE MODEL FOR MILITARY PROCUREMENT, OFFERING EACH TYPE OF USER A DIFFERENT SERVICE WHEREVER THEY ARE ON THE BATTLEFIELD.

THEY ARE DOING THAT BY INCENTIVIZING SOLDIERS TO BE AS EFFECTIVE AND LETHAL AS THEY CAN POSSIBLY BE, DOLING OUT MAXIMUM POINTS FOR ELIMINATING TARGETS THAT THE UKRAINIAN GOVERNMENT HAS IDENTIFIED AS ITS TOP PRIORITY.

SOME OF THE HIGHEST POINT VALUES ARE REWARDED FOR TAKING OUT A PLANE OR HELICOPTER, EVACUATING WOUNDED SOLDIERS AND DESTROYING ENEMY AIR DEFENSE SYSTEMS.

CAPTURING A RUSSIAN SOLDIER IS WORTH 10 TIMES THE VALUE OF KILLING ONE.

WHILE HE WORKS FROM A DESK IN KYIV, THE HUNDREDS OF VIDEOS HE HAS VERIFIED OFFER AN UP CLOSE AND GRUESOME VIEW OF LIFE AND DEATH ON THE FRONT LINE.

HOW DOES IT FEEL?

HOW DO YOU FEEL AFTER HAVING WATCHED SO MANY KILL VIDEOS YOURSELF?

>> WE ARE FIGHTING OUR OWN CIVIL WAR.

I HAVE A SENSE OF DUTY.

I WANT MY FATHER TO GET BACK HOME SAFE.

SIMON: YOUR FATHER FIGHTS ON THE FRONT LINES?

IS IT A TOUGH JOB?

>> IN A WAY IT IS.

SIMON: WHAT IS TOUGH?

>> THE GRUESOME THIS.

ONE VIDEO IS OK.

2, 3, 4.

SEVERAL HUNDRED A MONTH?

SIMON: IT AFFECTS YOU PSYCHOLOGICALLY?

>> YES.

SIMON: LAST WEEK’S REMOVAL OF THE CHIEF ARCHITECT OF UKRAINE’S DIGITAL WARTIME TRANSFORMATION IS THE BIGGEST MILITARY LEADERSHIP SHAKEUP IN THE COUNTRY SINCE RUSSIA INVADED.

LEAVING UKRAINIANS WONDERING WHETHER THE MILITARY REFORMS ARE HERE TO STAY.

FOR THE PBS "NEWSHOUR," I AM SIMON OSTROVSKY IN KYIV.

♪ AMNA: NOW TO DISCUSS THE ECONOMIC AND HUMAN TOLL OF THE IRAN WAR, ELECTIONS HERE AT HOME AND MORE, WE TURN TO BROOKS AND MARCUS.

THAT’S THE ATLANTIC’S DAVID BROOKS AND RUTH MARCUS OF THE NEW YORKER.

JONATHAN CAPEHART IS AWAY.

GOOD TO SEE YOU BOTH.

LET’S START WITH THE IRAN WAR AND HOW IT IS RESONATING AT HOME.

GAS PRICES ACCORDING TO AAA ARE AT $4.11 FOR THE NATIONAL AVERAGE.

HERE IS WHAT A NEW POLITICAL POLL TELLS US.

SOME 37% OF SELF-DESCRIBED MAGA VOTERS THINK THE WORK SHOULD CONTINUE EVEN AS PRICES GO UP.

THAT IS DOWN FROM 50% IN MAY.

THE HUMAN TOLL IS ALSO RISING.

WE SAW FOUR SERVICEMEMBERS KILLED IN THE LAST WEEK ON TOP OF 14 OTHERS THE PENTAGON PREVIOUSLY REPORTED.

THE PRESIDENT SHARED THIS POST, COMPARING THE DEATH TOLL OF THIS WAR TO OTHERS AND WRITING, THESE ARE THE FACTS.

REPORT THEM.

AT THIS POINT, COSTS ARE AMERICANS AND SUPPORTERS OF THE PRESIDENT WILLING TO TOLERATE.

DAVID: I TRIED TO MAKE PREDICTIONS BECAUSE I’M NOT A TOTAL IDIOT, IT WOULD NOT SURPRISE ME IF THIS WAR WERE STILL GOING ON IN JANUARY OF 2029, WHEN TRUMP LEAVES OFFICE.

I JUST DO NOT THINK HE CARES.

HE DOES NOT CARE ABOUT THE MIDTERMS, GAS PRICES, I THINK HE CARES ABOUT LEGACY AND HE WANTS TO SEE HIMSELF AS THE MAN WHO REMADE THE MIDDLE EAST.

HE WOULD NOT BE THE FIRST U.S.

PRESIDENT WHO HAD THAT ALLUSION.

MAYBE WE SHOULD DO A MASSIVE EXPANSION OF THE WAR.

I DO NOT THINK WE HAVE THE MATERIAL TO DO THAT.

IT WOULD NOT SURPRISE ME IF THIS DRAGGED ON -- WHAT WE HAVE BEEN SEEING THE LAST COUPLE MONTHS, MISSILE, MISSILE, MISSILE EXCHANGES, THIS, THAT, TALK, DON’T TALK, AND I COULD GO ON FOREVER.

MAGA CAME INTO OFFICE THINKING WE WOULD HAVE NO MORE FOREVER WARS, BUT HERE WE ARE.

RUTH: I HAVE THAT WRITTEN DOWN RIGHT HERE.

THE KIND OF FOREVER WERE HE PLEDGED HE WOULD AVOID.

IT IS NOT EVEN A FOREVER WAR, IT IS LIKE A GROUNDHOG DAY WAR.

WE ARE IN THE SAME CYCLE OF THREATS, RETRENCHMENT, THREATS, RETRENCHMENT, WE HAVE AN MOU AND WE DO NOT HAVE IT.

I DO NOT SEE HOW IT COULD CONTINUE EVEN IF HE WANTED TO THROUGH JANUARY OF 2029.

FOR THIS REASON -- EXACTLY WHAT YOU SAID, AMNA, PEOPLE ARE FED UP, MAGA IS SET UP.

I FILLED OUT THE OTHER DAY AT THE PUMP AND IT IS PAINFUL.

IT IS PAINFUL FOR A LOT OF PEOPLE.

I DO NOT THINK, EVEN IF HE WANTS TO, EVEN IF HE DOES NOT CARE ABOUT THE MIDTERMS, THE MIDTERMS CARE ABOUT HIM.

EVEN IF HE WANTS TO PERSIST, CONGRESS AT SOME POINT -- THE FIRST RULE OF POLITICS IS SELF-PRESERVATION.

THEY HAVE NOT SHOWN A WILLINGNESS TO STAND UP TO HIM AND DEFUND THE WAR.

IF WE ARE SLINKING TOWARD 2029, WE WILL SEE THAT AT SOME POINT BECAUSE THIS IS INTOLERABLE FOR PEOPLE.

IT IS INTOLERABLE FOR THE GLOBAL ECONOMY.

.

AMNA: IT IS MOST PAINFUL FOR THE FAMILIES WHO HAVE LOST SOMEONE IN THIS WAR.

WHILE WE ARE TALKING ABOUT THE REGION, THIS IS THE SAME WEEK THE TRUMP ADMINISTRATION SIGNED A NUCLEAR DEAL WITH SAUDI ARABIA THAT LETS U.S.

COMPANIES SUPPLY REACTORS AND FUEL FOR ENERGY PROGRAM IN THE KINGDOM.

THE PRESIDENT SAID YESTERDAY THE DEAL HINGES ON SAUDI ARABIA ESSENTIALLY NORMALIZING RELATIONS WITH ISRAEL, WHICH SAUDI LEADERS HAVE SAID THEY WILL NOT DO ON THIS THERE IS A PATH FOR A PALESTINIAN STATE.

WE HAVE TALKED ABOUT THIS BEFORE.

THE PRESIDENT ANNOUNCES A DEAL AND THEN THROWS A WRENCH IN IT.

WHAT IS GOING ON HERE?

DAVID: HE LIKES DOING DEALS WITH THE SAUDIS.

HE THINKS HE CAN MAKE MONEY.

THIS WRINKLE WILL PROBABLY NOT MAKE IT HAPPEN UNLESS HE DROPS THE WRINKLE.

THE BIG PICTURE IS AS THE U.S.

NUCLEAR UMBRELLA WITHDRAWALS FROM THE WORLD, AMERICA PLAYS A SMALLER ROLE, COUNTRIES AROUND THE WORLD ARE THINKING, HOLY COW, WE NEED NUCLEAR WEAPONS.

THE SAUDIS ARE THINKING ABOUT THAT, THE JAPANESE ARE THINKING ABOUT THAT, THE PLES ARE THINKING ABOUT -- THE POLES ARE THINKING ABOUT THAT.

YOU COULD SEE A DOZEN COUNTRIES CONSIDERING NUCLEAR WEAPONS BECAUSE THE U.S.

UMBRELLA IS NO LONGER THERE.

IF YOU WONDER ABOUT THE EFFECT OF U.S.

POWER, THERE IS YOUR SIGN.

WHEN YOU WITHDRAW THAT FORCE, THE WORLD GETS A LOT MORE DANGEROUS.

AMNA: THAT IS A MAJOR REWORKING OF THE GLOBAL SECURITY LANDSCAPE.

RUTH: THAT IS PRECISELY WHY THIS IS A BAD IDEA, THIS NUCLEAR DEAL.

MORE PROLIFERATION -- THE RISK OF PERFORATION IS WORSE THAN NONPROLIFERATION.

WE ARE ADMIRED IN THIS SITUATION WITH IRAN BECAUSE WE HELP THEM GET NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY WHEN THE SHAH WAS IN POWER.

HOW DID THAT WORK OUT FOR US?

IT WAS A BAD IDEA WHEN THE BIDEN ADMINISTRATION WAS TALKING ABOUT DOING THIS.

IT AT LEAST HAD THE PROSPECT OF GETTING THE BENEFIT OF ISRAELI RECOGNITION.

TRUMP IS SO ERRATIC.

HE KNOWS THAT SAUDI ARABIA CANNOT AT THE LAST MINUTE AGREED TO THE ISRAEL RECOGNITION.

HE THROWS IT IN ANY WAY LIKE HE IS STILL NEGOTIATING LEASING THE TOP TWO FLOORS OF TRUMP TOWER AND THINKS HE CAN BRING SOMETHING ELSE THAT OF PEOPLE AT THE LAST MINUTE.

IT WILL NOT WORK AND WE SHOULD BE SEMI-THANKFUL FOR THAT.

AMNA: I WANT TO ASK YOU ABOUT SOME POLITICAL TAKEAWAYS FROM ELECTION RESULTS.

BACK HERE AT HOME, WE SAW THE CRUCIAL SWING STATE OF ARIZONA HOLD PRIMARY ELECTIONS ON THE REPUBLICAN SIDE.

WE SAW THREE PROMINENT ELECTION DENIERS WIN THEIR PRIMARY RACES FOR GOVERNOR, SECRETARY OF STATE AND ATTORNEY GENERAL.

WHEN YOU LOOK AT THESE RESULTS, WHAT STANDS OUT TO YOU?

WHAT DOES IT SAY ABOUT THE PARTY OR ARIZONA?

DAVID: I ONCE INTERVIEWED A GUY WHO GOT THE DOMINATION OF A MAJOR PARTY.

I SAID WHAT DID YOU LEARN?

HE SAID WE HAVE NO PARTY.

IT IS LIKE A BOX WITH NOTHING IN THERE.

DONALD TRUMP HAS FILLED IN THE BOX.

HE HAS A STRUCTURE, HE HAS AN ORGANIZATION.

AROUND THE COUNTRY, THEY CONTROL THE LOCAL ACTIVIST COMMUNITY AND THEREFORE THEY WIN THESE PRIMARY ELECTIONS BECAUSE THEY ACTUALLY HAVE A PARTY.

ON THE DEMOCRATIC SIDE, IT IS NOT CLEAR THEY HAVE A PARTY YET.

IF YOU LOOK AT THE CANDIDATES WHO HAVE BEEN CHAMPIONED BY THE WASHINGTON DEMOCRATS, THEY HAVE A PRETTY POOR BATTING AVERAGE.

THEY WON 1 OUT OF 2 IN ARIZONA.

THE DEMOCRATS DO NOT HAVE A PARTY.

TRUMP HAS A PARTY BUT IT INVOLVES NOMINATING A LOT OF ELECTION DENIERS, BUT THEY DO HAVE A STRUCTURE.

I WONDER IF IT WILL LAST AFTER TRUMP.

WHETHER MAGA IS A THING AFTER TRUMP.

IT IS NOT JUST A TRUMP PERSONALITY.

THEY HAVE STRUCTURE, BELIEVERS.

IT WORKS THE WAY A PARTY USED WERE, FRANKLY.

RUTH: I THINK YOU ARE A LOT MORE BULLISH ON THE FUTURE OF THE REPUBLICAN THEN YOU SHOULD BE.

THIS IS NOT JUST WISHFUL THINKING.

FOR THIS REASON -- IF YOU LOOK AT THE ELECTION IN ARIZONA THROUGH THE LENS OF DONALD TRUMP, WHO DOES NOT CARE ABOUT THE MIDTERMS WERE KIND OF DOES CARE ABOUT THE MIDTERMS, YOU WILL FEEL PRETTY GOOD ABOUT THIS.

HE ASSERTED HIS POWER.

I AGREE HE HAS SHAPED THE PARTY AND BENT IT TO HIS WILL.

IN ARIZONA, THERE ARE 313,000 REPUBLICAN VOTERS THE DEMOCRATS BUT THE TOP THREE STATEWIDE OFFICIALS ARE DEMOCRATS.

WHY IS THAT?

BECAUSE REPUBLICANS LED BY TRUMP ARE NOMINATING PRECISELY THE WRONG KIND OF PEOPLE.

BULLY FOR THE END THEY GOT THEIR ELECTION DENIERS IN THE PRIMARIES -- THAT IS NOT THAT HARD.

YOU SEE THE NOMINEE, ANDY FOR GOVERNOR, TRYING TO REMAKE HIMSELF BUT LET’S BE SERIOUS.

HE IS THE FORMER HEAD OF THE HOUSE FREEDOM CAUCUS AND A LEADING ELECTION DENIER.

HE CAN DENY THAT NOW OR TRY TO SOFT PLAY THAT NOW BUT IT WILL BE A HARDER ROAD FOR REPUBLICANS TO REGAIN POWER IN THE STATE THAT IT WOULD HAVE BEEN IF THEY HAD TAKEN A LESS TRUMPY, MORE SENSIBLE APPROACH.

AMNA: I WANT TO GET BOTH OF YOU, A WEEK AFTER THE PRESIDENT DELIVERED A PRIMETIME ADDRESS AND BLAME CHINA FOR ELECTION INTERFERENCE IN 2020, EVERY TIME HE IS ASKED ABOUT IT THERE DO NOT SEEM TO BE REPERCUSSIONS.

DAVID: HE IS THE PRESENT TENSE MAN.

WHAT HAPPENED YESTERDAY DOES NOT MATTER.

IT IS JUST AT THIS MOMENT.

I HAPPEN TO BE GLAD.

THE CHINA CHARGES WERE BOGUS AND WE NEED A RELATIONSHIP WITH CHINA.

HE IS LETTING US HAVE A RELATIONSHIP WITH CHINA.

I AM GLAD HE FORGOT WHAT HAPPENED YESTERDAY.

RUTH: THIS WAS NEVER ABOUT CALLING CHINA TO ACCOUNT OR PUNISHING IT OR CRACKING DOWN.

THIS WAS JUST ABOUT CONVINCING THE VOTERS IF HE IS TO LOSE IN NOVEMBER THAT THAT SHOULD NOT TRUST THAT.

IT IS NOT ABOUT CHINA, IT IS ABOUT THE UNITED STATES AND DIMINISHING CONFIDENCE IN OUR ELECTION SYSTEM.

AMNA: PRESIDENT XI WILL BE VISITING THE WHITE HOUSE IN SEPTEMBER.

RUTH MARCUS, DAVID BROOKS.

GREAT TO SEE YOU BOTH.

RUTH: THANK YOU.

♪ AMNA: PROSTHETICS ARE TYPICALLY DESIGNED TO BLEND IN, AS REPLACEMENTS FOR MISSING BODY PARTS.

BUT INCREASINGLY, THEY’RE BECOMING TOOLS FOR CREATIVE EXPRESSION, ESPECIALLY IN THE NICHE COMMUNITY OF OCULAR PROSTHETICS, OR ARTIFICIAL EYES.

SENIOR ARTS CORRESPONDENT JEFFREY BROWN MEETS A PORTLAND EYE MAKER WHOSE DESIGNS ARE HELPING CLIENTS SEE THEMSELVES IN A NEW LIGHT.

IT’S PART OF OUR ONGOING COVERAGE OF THE INTERSECTION OF ARTS AND HEALTH FOR OUR CANVAS SERIES.

RACHEL: IF I’M GOING TO WEAR SOMETHING LIKE THIS.

JEFF: MANY PEOPLE ACCESSORIZE WITH JEWELRY OR PURSES.

RACHEL: GETTING MORE FORMAL.

JEFF: 36 YEAR-OLD RACHEL YEE DOES IT WITH "EYES."

RACHEL: I’LL DO MY FIRST-EVER FUN EYE, THIS GOLD ONE, AND HAVE THE TWO TOGETHER.

JEFF: YOU ACCESSORIZE.

THAT’S HOW YOU THINK OF ALL THE EYES YOU HAVE NOW.

RACHEL: YEAH, I’M LUCKY ENOUGH THAT I GET TO ACCESSORIZE WITH SOMETHING THAT IS A MEDICAL NECESSITY.

JEFF: YEE LOST HER LEFT EYE TO CANCER AT 18 MONTHS OLD AND SPENT YEARS WEARING A PROSTHETIC DESIGNED TO MIRROR HER NATURAL EYE.

RACHEL: I KNEW I WAS DIFFERENT.

I NEVER FELT LIKE I WAS MISSING SOMETHING.

IT WASN’T UNTIL I WAS OLDER THAT I GOT A LITTLE MORE SELF-CONSCIOUS ABOUT IT.

I FELT LIKE A PROSTHETIC IN GENERAL WASN’T TO MAKE ME FEEL GOOD ABOUT MYSELF, BUT IT WAS TO MAKE OTHERS FEEL COMFORTABLE LOOKING AT ME.

JEFF: EVERYTHING CHANGED IN 2021 WHEN SHE STARTED WEARING A NEW EYE, FEATURING A SHIMMERING GOLD IRIS THAT WAS MEANT TO GRAB ATTENTION, NOT DEFLECT IT.

RACHEL: STANDING OUT TO ME IS MORE IMPORTANT IN FACT THAN JUST HIDING WHO I AM TO MAKE OTHERS AROUND FEEL COMFORTABLE.

JEFF: IN AN OFFICE IN NEARBY PORTLAND, OREGON, WHERE DECORATIVE EYES WATCH FROM NEARLY EVERY CORNER, CHRISTINA LEITZEL, BOARD CERTIFIED AS AN OCULARIST, CRAFTS THE BOLD DESIGNS THAT HAVE NOW BECOME HER TRADEMARK -- SO-CALLED "FUN EYES."

CHRISTINA: THERE’S SOMETHING IN ME THAT I’VE ALWAYS LIKE WANTED TO HELP PEOPLE.

I ORIGINALLY WANTED TO MAKE PROSTHETIC LIMBS.

JEFF: AS AN ART STUDENT IN PHILADELPHIA, SHE WAS DRAWN TO ARTISTS LIKE SOPHIE DE OLIVEIRA BARATA WHO TURNED PROSTHETICS INTO POWERFUL ART PIECES.

CHRISTINA: I JUST THOUGHT IT WAS SUCH A BEAUTIFUL ART FORM TO BLEND BOTH LIKE ART AND SCIENCE AND THEN GIVE SOMEONE BACK SOMETHING THAT THEY LOST.

JEFF: MOST EYE PROSTHETICS HAVE TWO PARTS -- A CUSTOM ACRYLIC SHELL AND A SURGICALLY IMPLANTED SPHERE THAT RESTORES VOLUME TO THE EYE SOCKET.

THE IMPLANT IS OFTEN MADE FROM A POROUS MATERIAL THAT ALLOWS TISSUE TO GROW INTO IT, HELPING THE PROSTHETIC MOVE WITH THE WEARER’S NATURAL EYE.

HALF OF LEITZEL’S WORK IS STILL CREATING PROSTHETIC EYES THAT SEAMLESSLY MATCH THE REAL THING.

BUT IT’S THE "FUN EYES" WHERE HER ARTISTRY COMES ALIVE, EACH ONE TELLING A STORY.

CHRISTINA: THEY COULD BE ANYTHING FROM LIKE A CAT EYE WHERE IT’S A PET THAT HAD JUST PASSED.

>> I ASKED CHRISTINA TO MAKE ME AN EYE SO I CAN REMEMBER NOODLES MORE AND JUST KINDA HAVE HER WITH ME ALL THE TIME.

CHRISTINA: OR A PORTRAIT OF A WIFE WHO DIED.

THE MESSAGE THAT I GOT WAS, CAN YOU PAINT THE PORTRAIT OF MY WIFE BECAUSE I WOULD LIKE TO HAVE HER SEE EVERYTHING I’M SEEING.

JEFF: ON SOCIAL MEDIA, HER CREATIONS RANGE FROM GLITTERY GLOW-IN-THE-DARK AND COLOR SHIFTING EYES TO AMERICAN FLAGS, SPARKLING NIGHT SKIES ON SOCCER BALLS.

CHRISTINA: WHEN YOU HAVE AN OCULARIST, MOST PEOPLE LIKE THEY CONFIDE, THEY SHARE THEIR STORIES.

JEFF: THIS IS A VERY CLOSE RELATIONSHIP.

CHRISTINA: VERY PERSONAL.

AND IT’S KIND OF SCARY TO BE SO VULNERABLE AND SHARE THAT PART OF YOU.

SO I THINK IT’S REALLY, IT IS SPECIAL IN THAT WAY TO SEE THAT AND BE A PART OF SOMEONE’S LIFE AND CHANGE THEM.

JEFF: SOME COME TO LEITZEL WITH THE TRAUMA OF HAVING RECENTLY LOST AN EYE.

BREE WAS 27 WHEN SHE LOST HER EYE TO OCULAR MELANOMA, A RARE FORM OF CANCER.

BREE: I WENT UNDER WITH PERFECT VISION, 20/20, NO PAIN AND I WOKE UP WITH ONLY ONE EYE AND NO DEPTH PERCEPTION.

I COULD NOT GRAB ANYTHING IN FRONT OF ME.

IT BROKE ME.

JEFF: HER FIRST PROSTHETIC WAS A CLOSE MATCH TO HER REMAINING EYE , BUT --BREE: WHEN I FIRST GOT IT AND LOOKED IN THE MIRROR IT , FELT LIKE SOMEBODY ELSE WAS LOOKING BACK AT ME.

IT FELT VERY UNCANNY.

IT DIDN’T FEEL LIKE ME LOOKING AT ME.

THIS IS A REPLICA OF MY CURRENT CAP WHO ONLY HAS ONE EYE, AS WELL.

HE HAS THE OPPOSITE EYE OF ME.

WHEN WE LOOK AT EACH OTHER WE SEE EYE TO EYE.

>> SUMMARY PEOPLE WHO WEAR EYES TALK ABOUT THEIR CLOSE RELATIONSHIP WITH THEIR OCULARIST AND HOW JUST BEING ABLE TO TALK THROUGH IT WITH SOMEBODY WHO HAS SEEN THIS OVER AND OVER IS THERAPY.

JEFF: DAN ROCHE IS A PROFESSOR AT LE MOYNE COLLEGE IN SYRACUSE, NEW YORK AND AN AUTHOR.

HE ALSO WEARS A PROSTHETIC EYE HIMSELF.

DAN: THIS ONE.

JEFF: IT IS YOUR RIGHT EYE.

DAN: SOMETIMES I LOOK IN THE MIRROR AND I FORGET WHICH ONE IS WHICH.

JEFF: HIS BOOK TRACES THE LONG HISTORY OF PROSTHETIC EYES, FROM THE INLAID EYES PLACED IN MUMMIFIED BODIES IN ANCIENT EGYPT TO RUDIMENTARY EYE COVERINGS DESIGNED BY A FRENCH SURGEON IN THE TO EYES MADE BY 1500S, GLASSBLOWERS IN VENICE IN THE 18TH CENTURY, AND ON.

DAN: IT IS A VERY SLOW HISTORY, NOT A LOT OF MAJOR CHANGES OVER THE COURSE OF TIME.

JEFF: TODAY, THERE ARE FEWER THAN 200 BOARD CERTIFIED OCULARISTS IN THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA, WHO SERVE THE ROUGHLY 20,000 PEOPLE WHO LOSE AN EYE EVERY YEAR.

DAN: WHICH IS A SMALLER NUMBER THAN IT USED TO BE ONCE OSHA REGULATIONS CAME IN.

IT USED TO BE FARM ACCIDENTS AND.

INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS, PEOPLE WOULD BE LOSING EYES ALL THE TIME, RELATIVELY JEFF: MOST OPT FOR A MATCHING EYE, LIKE ROCHE, WHO SPENT HIS FIRST 50 YEARS WITH A CATARACT THAT CLOUDED AND BLINDED HIS RIGHT EYE.

DAN: I JUST DREAMED, YOU KNOW FOR YEARS AND YEARS ABOUT HAVING TWO EYES THAT MATCHED.

JUST SORT OF A NORMAL GAZE.

AND WHEN I LOOKED IN THE MIRROR THE FIRST TIME AND SAW THAT, THAT THING THAT I’D BEEN DREAMING ABOUT FOR DECADES, IT WAS, I MEAN, IT’S TRITE, BUT KIND OF A DREAM COME THROUGH IN THAT REGARD.

JEFF: BECAUSE OCULARISTRY SITS AT THE INTERSECTION OF ART, MEDICINE, AND PSYCHOLOGY, INSURANCE COVERAGE IS OFTEN INCONSISTENT.

SOME PLANS WILL COVER THE COST OF A TRADITIONAL PROSTHETIC I, WHICH CAN RANGE FROM $2000 TO 10,000 DOLLARS WOULD INSURANCE WILL NOT COVER A "FUN EYE."

RACHEL: HAVING ACCESS TO SOMEONE THAT WILL CREATE FUN EYES WAS HARD ENOUGH ON ITS OWN AND PAYING FOR IT ON TOP OF THAT IS NOT DOABLE FOR A LOT OF THESE FAMILIES WHO HAVE ALREADY EXPERIENCED AND GAINED SO MUCH MEDICAL DEBT.

JEFF: 12 YEAR-OLD GRACIE CORRIGAN LOST HER EYE AT TWO YEARS OLD TO RETINOBLASTOMA, THE SAME RARE AND AGGRESSIVE EYE CANCER THAT IMPACTED RACHEL YEE.

SHE ALSO SHARED A FRUSTRATION WITH TRADITIONAL PROSTHETIC EYES.

GRACIE: PEOPLE COULD TELL, LIKE THIS ONE WASN’T MATCHING THIS ONE OR WAS NOT SOME KIDS HAVE MOVING THE SAME.

SOME KIDS HAVE SAID SOMETHING, LIKE SOME KIDS ARE RUDE ABOUT IT .

JEFF: IN 2022, CORRIGAN DECIDED SHE WAS READY TO GET A FUN EYE OF HER OWN.

RACHEL YEE DECIDED TO HELP.

RACHEL: I WENT TO SOCIAL MEDIA AND I SAID, IS THERE ANY CHANCE YOU WANT TO DONATE?

WITHIN ONE HOUR, WE HAD PAID FOR HER EYES.

JEFF: THE EXTRA DOLLARS BECAME THE FUN EYE FUND, A NONPROFIT.

>> HAVING THE FUN EYE IS WAY BETTER THAN A REGULAR EYE THAT WOULD MATCH THIS ONE.

IT LOOKS COOL.

JEFF: LOOKING COOL, LOOKING LIKE YOUR OWN VERSION OF YOU.

IT’S A NEW, PERHAPS UNEXPECTED MIX OF MEDICAL CARE AND ART.

FOR THE PBS "NEWSHOUR," I’M JEFFREY BROWN IN PORTLAND, OREGON.

♪ AMNA: FINALLY TONIGHT, WE HAVE AN EXCERPT FROM JUDY WOODRUFF’S PODCAST, "IN PURSUIT OF HAPPINESS."

THIS WEEK, JUDY EXPLORES HOW AMERICA’S NATIONAL PARKS PRESERVE NOT ONLY THE NATION’S MOST SPECTACULAR LANDSCAPES, BUT ALSO SOME OF ITS MOST IMPORTANT HISTORY.

HER GUEST IS JASON EPPERSON, A PODCASTER AND RV TRAVELER WHO HAS SPENT YEARS GETTING TO KNOW THE PARKS WITH HIS FAMILY.

JUDY: DO YOU HAVE FAVORITES YOU LIKE TO SHARE?

THAT YOU GO TO OVER AND OVER AGAIN?

JASON: FORT SUMTER IS REALLY INTERESTING.

IT IS ONE OF THESE COOL COASTAL FORTS.

WE HAVE COOL COASTAL FORTS ALONG THE EAST COAST.

THEY WERE SORT OF BUILT RIGHT AFTER THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR AND THE WAR OF 1812 TO PROTECT FROM BATTLESHIPS.

DURING THE CIVIL WAR IT WAS VERY CLEAR THEY WERE ABSOLUTELY USELESS.

FORT SUMTER IS WHERE THE FIRST SHOTS OF THE CIVIL WAR WERE FIRED.

WHEN YOU GO THERE AND YOU VISIT AND EXPERIENCE IT, YOU TAKE TOUR, YOU GET ON A BOAT AND ARRANGE OR TAKE YOU TO THE PLACE, AND THEY SHOW YOU THE BRICKS BEFORE IS BUILT ON.

THESE BRICKS WERE FORGED BY ENSLAVED PEOPLE.

WHEN YOU LOOK CLOSELY AT THEM, YOU SEE IN THE BRICKS FINGERPRINTS.

NOT JUST FINGERPRINTS OF ENSLAVED PEOPLE, BUT ENSLAVED CHILDREN.

YOU CAN LOOK AT SCULPTURES OF PEOPLE ALL DAY.

SCULPTURES ARE A REPRESENTATION OF SOMEONE’S IDEA OF WHAT SOMEONE LOOKS LIKE.

WHEN YOU SEE SOMEONE FINGERPRINT IN SOMETHING, IT IS AN INDELIBLE IDEA THAT THEY WERE THERE.

IT REALLY BRINGS HOME SORT OF THIS IDEA OF WHAT THE CIVIL WAR WAS FOUGHT FOR AT THE PLACE WHERE IT BEGAN.

I LOVE THAT HISTORY.

I LOVE THE SANDS NATIONAL MONUMENT.

WHITE SANDS IN NEW MEXICO IS OUR CHILDREN’S FAVORITE PLACE IN THE NATIONAL PARK SERVICE.

THEY FEEL THEY ARE IN AN EPISODE OF "STAR WARS."

MOST PART YOU HAVE TO STAY ON A TRAIL.

WHITE SANDS, YOU CAN GO ANYWHERE YOU WANT TO.

IT IS NOT ACTUAL SAND.

IT IS WHAT DRYWALL IS MADE OUT OF.

IN THE MIDDLE OF NEW MEXICO.

IT CONTRASTS COMPLETELY WITH THE LANDSCAPE.

AT WHITE SANDS, THEY FOUND THE OLDEST HUMAN FOOTPRINTS IN EXISTENCE.

JUST IN THE LAST COUPLE YEARS, THEY FOUND FOOTPRINTS AT WHITE SANDS THAT MAKE HUMANS OLDER THAN WE THOUGHT THEY WERE IN THE UNITED STATES.

THE HUMAN HISTORY GOES WAY, WAY BACK.

BEYOND THE NATIVE AMERICANS.

IT GOES VERY FAR BACK IN THE NATIONAL PARK SERVICE.

THIS WHITE SANDS MISSILE SITE, RIGHT NEXT DOOR, IS WHERE THE ATOMIC BOMB WAS TESTED.

IN WHITE SANDS NATIONAL PARK YOU CAN STILL FIND SLIVERS OF GREEN GLASS, WHICH WAS INSTANTLY FORMED WHEN THE ATOMIC BOMB WAS FIRST TESTED.

AGAIN, BEAUTIFUL, NATURAL AREA THAT IS SORT OF THIS SURPRISE OUT OF THE MIDDLE OF NOWHERE.

BUT HAS THIS WILD HUMAN HISTORY TO IT.

AMNA: YOU CAN WATCH THE FULL EPISODE OF "IN PURSUIT OF HAPPINESS" ON OUR YOUTUBE PAGE OR WHEREVER YOU GET YOUR PODCASTS.

TONIGHT ON "WASHINGTON WEEK," ANALYSIS OF THE INCREASING COSTS OF THE IRAN WAR.

THAT IS RIGHT HERE ON PBS.

ON HORIZONS THIS WEEKEND, WILLIAM BRANGHAM AND HIS GUESTS DISCUSS UTERINE FIBROIDS -- IMPACTING UP TO 80% OF WOMEN BUT STILL WIDELY MISUNDERSTOOD.

AND ON "COMPASS POINTS," NICK SCHIFRIN AND HIS PANEL EXAMINE THE TRUMP ADMINISTRATION’S REMOTE CONTROL OF VENEZUELA.

YOU CAN WATCH BOTH "HORIZONS" AND "COMPASS POINTS" ON OUR YOUTUBE CHANNEL, WHEREVER YOU GET YOUR PODCASTS, AND ON YOUR LOCAL PBS STATION.

CHECK YOUR LOCAL LISTINGS.

AND THAT’S THE "NEWSHOUR" FOR TONIGHT.

I’M AMNA NAWAZ.

ON BEHALF OF THE ENTIRE "NEWSHOUR" TEAM, THANK YOU FOR JOINING US.

AND HAVE A GREAT WEEKEND.

>> MAJOR FUNDING FOR THE PBS "NEWSHOUR" HAS BEEN PROVIDED BY THE ONGOING SUPPORT OF THESE INDIVIDUALS AND INSTITUTIONS AND FRIENDS OF THE "NEWSHOUR," INCLUDING KATHY AND PAUL ANDERSON AND CAMILLA AND GEORGE.

THE WALTON FAMILY FOUNDATION.

WORKING FOR SOLUTIONS TO PROTECT WATER DURING CLIMATE CHANGE SO PEOPLE AND NATURE CAN THRIVE TOGETHER.

♪ AND WITH THE ONGOING SUPPORT OF THESE INDIVIDUALS AND INSTITUTIONS.

AND FRIENDS OF THE "NEWSHOUR."

♪ THIS PROGRAM WAS MADE POSSIBLE BY THE CONTRIBUTIONS TO YOUR PBS STATION FROM VIEWERS LIKE YOU.

THANK YOU.

[CAPTIONING PERFORMED BY THE NATIONAL CAPTIONING INSTITUTE, WHICH IS RESPONSIBLE FOR ITS CAPTION CONTENT AND ACCURACY.]

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